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Subcollection 1: Administration, JDC Administration

This subcollection comprises records regarding JDC structure, organization and governance, activities, leadership, and personnel that illuminate JDC policy and decision-making; fundraising and financial materials; and general reports prepared by or submitted to JDC. It is arranged in two record groups.

Record Group 1.1: Administration, New York Headquarters Administration

This record group highlights the activities of JDC’s governing bodies and committees. The Executive Committee remained the principal decision-making body, while the Board of Directors and the gradually expanding National Council were assigned mostly formal duties. New committees were created in response to the needs of the period; the Administration Committee (later called the Emergency Administration Committee), was established in October 1939 to handle wartime crises.

Special meetings and two national conferences were held to consider emergency needs and refugee aid. At the same time, a plan of regional organization led to a series of local, state-wide, and regional conferences for purposes of fundraising, education, and information. This record group also documents JDC’s independent fundraising campaigns and joint campaigns with other organizations, leading to the establishment of the United Jewish Appeal.

Series 1: Administration, General, 1933 – 1944

Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to the JDC, its structure, scope of activities and administration.

File 1: Administration, General, 1933 - 1939

The JDC moved its European office from Berlin to Paris after Hitler rose to power, 3/4/33-4/2/33, 4/20/33-5/13/33, 7/14/33, 3/7/44-3/27/44; the JDC retained a pro-forma Berlin office for strictly local matters headed by Prof. Eugen Mittwoch, 7/3/36. In January 1936, a delegation of Anglo-Jewish leaders visited the U.S. to discuss plans for a projected $15,000,000 fund to finance the migration of German Jews, 2/13/36; for materials, see: England, Council for German Jewry, Files 571-572.Felix M. Warburg died suddenly 10/20/37, 10/26/37; also see: Felix M. Warburg Files 144-147; for earlier years, see: Archives 1921-1932 File 14, Archives 1919-1921 File 43.Bernhard Kahn joined the JDC N.Y. and Morris C. Troper replaced him as EUREXCO Chairman 8/18/38, 9/18/38, 4/19/39.Troper and Hyman wrote to Baerwald on the steps the JDC should take on the eve of W.W. II, 8/24/39; the JDC besieged by petitions for funds from many countries, 8/31/39 (3), 9/4/39.The JDC moved its European Headquarters farther west from Paris to Anvers, 8/28/39, 9/8/39 Summary of Discussions, 9/19/39, 10/9/39 Hyman-Troper; also see: EUREXCO, File 172, E.M.M. Warburg chosen Co-Chairman of the JDC, 9/6/39 Baerwald to Backer, 9/7/39, 12/8/39.Correspondence: C. Adler, P. Baerwald, O.E. d’Avigdor Goldsmid, J.C. Hyman, B. Kahn, R.D. Murphy, W. Phillips, J.N. Rosenberg, D.J. Schweitzer, J.J. Schwartz, M.C. Troper, F.M. Warburg, J.B. Wise, S.S. Wise.

File 2: Administration, General, 1940 - 1944; 1945

Report by B. Kahn on key Jewish leaders and organizations in European countries and emigration prospects overseas for refugees and other Jews, 1/8/40.JDC summary estimate of Jewish emigration from Greater Germany and areas of immigration between 1933-1939, 4/13/40.Summary situation of Jews in European countries, country by country, 5/17/40, 8/30/40.E.M.M. Warburg chosen JDC Chairman and P. Baerwald Honorary Chairman, 2/13/41.M. Troper entered the U.S. Army and resigned as EUREXCO Chairman His successor was J.J. Schwartz, 4/21/42.Members of the JDC Board of Directors in the U.S. war service, May 1943. Report on the Structure and Activities of the JDC, 6/25/43.Memo by J.J. Schwartz on his stay in London, 3/17/44.For additional materials on activities 1933-1944, see:Financial, 1939-1944, Files 119-120.Reports: JDC Annual Reports, 1933-1944, Files 154-159.Administration Committee 1939-1941, Files 59-60.Emergency Administration Committee 1942-1944, Files 61-63.Executive Comm: Minutes 1933-1944, Files 13-25.Board of Directors: 1933-1944, Files 4-12.Meetings of JDC Officers: 1937-1941, Files 37-38.EUREXCO, File 173.Publicity (on attacks on the JDC in the press), File 148.SM Archives: 1933-1944.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, B. Kahn, M.A. Leavitt, J.N. Rosenberg, J.J. Schwartz.

File 3: Administration, General, Non-Sectarian Aid

Between 1916-1940, the JDC contributed $6,789,862 for non-sectarian relief, while the tabulation for the years 1941-1943, given at $283,740 falls far short of completeness, 5/8/43, 5/16/44; also see: 6/22/36, 2/6/40, 5/1/42 attachment to 5/5/42. For additional materials see:Archives 1916-1918.Archives 1919-1921.Archives 1921-1932: Files 91b, 92, 482 (12/29/22-1/16/23), 488-491.SM Archives: Files 23 (CICR), 27a (American Friends Services Committee, Unitarian Service Committee, World Alliance of YMCAs).DORSA Archives: Files 45a, 45b, 58-59.Organizations:American Friends Service Committee, Files 205-209. American Red Cross, Files 215-216.Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced German Scholars, Lawyers, Physicians et al. Files 222, 406-408. High Commission for Refugees Files 249-254. Inter. Students Service, Files 409, 1,032-1,034. National Conf. of Christians and Jews, Files 273-274 .National Coordinating Committee, Files 275-293 .Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations, File 316.President’s Advisory Committee on Political Refugees (PACPR), File 331 .Russian War Relief, Files 335-336.Unitarian Service Committee, File 337.Relief Supplies:Polish Refugees in Russia, File 421, 12/10/41.Polish Refugees in E. Africa, File 882b.Switzerland: Files 949-951, 988-991, 1,014-1,024, 1,032, 1,034.

Series 2: Administration, JDC Governing Bodies and Committees

In 1920, the JDC was incorporated in New York State as the Joint Distribution Committee, Inc. and again in 1931 as the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. The reorganization added two official bodies to the existing Executive Committee — a Board of Directors and a National Council. The duties of the new bodies were largely formal in the main, as the Executive Committee continued to serve as the principal official and decision-making body and its activities expanded when crises erupted. It met 4-14 times per year between 1933-1939, and from 10-16 times between 1939-1944.The Board of Directors elected the JDC officers, and its meetings often served as sounding boards for programs and policies. It held one meeting per year at least, and often more. The National Council began with a membership of 250 in 1931 and it grew to 3,000 by 1942. Between 1932-1944 it met once per year and provided an appropriate framework for the JDC annual meetings. At these meetings, it elected the members of the Board of Directors and received a report of JDC activities over the year, prepared by the JDC Secretary. New York City was the site of all the meetings of the Executive Committee, of all but three meetings of the Board of Directors (Chicago, 1939, 1940 and 1942), and of all but the 1939 meeting (Chicago) of the National Council. For Committee on Poland, see: Poland, Files 789-798.

File 4: Administration, Board of Directors, 1931 - 1938

Minutes of Meetings and Transcripts of Proceedings. For Board of Directors Membership Lists, see below: File 12.2/10/32, NYC, Minutes.3/29/32, NYC, Minutes and Verbatim Notes.7/20/32, NYC, Informal Meeting, Verbatim Notes.12/14/32, NYC, Minutes, Verbatim Notes and Minutes of Special Meeting.7/11/33, NYC, Minutes.6/13/34, NYC, Minutes.5/22/35, NYC, Summary Minutes and Verbatim Minutes.12/13/36, NYC, Minutes and Summary of Proceedings.12/20/37, NYC, Minutes and Verbatim Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting .9/18/38, NYC, Minutes.12/20/38, NYC, Minutes

File 5: Administration, Board of Directors, 1939

7/20/39, NYC, Minutes and Transcript of Proceedings

File 5a: Administration, Board of Directors, 1939, duplicate

7/20/39, NYC, Transcript of Proceedings, duplicate

File 6: Administration, Board of Directors, 1939

12/2/39, Chicago, Minutes and Transcript of Proceedings

File 7: Administration, Board of Directors, 1940

3/21/40, NYC, Minutes.9/29/40, Chicago, Minutes .12/9/40, NYC, Minutes

File 8: Administration, Board of Directors, 1941

2/16/41, NYC, Transcript of Proceedings Minutes.12/4/42, NYC, Minutes

File 9: Administration, Board of Directors, 1942

1/30/42, Chicago, Minutes and Transcript of Proceedings.12/4/42, NYC, Minutes

File 10: Administration, Board of Directors, 1943

1/24/43, NYC, Minutes and Summary of Proceedings.12/4/43, NYC, Transcript of Proceedings

File 10a: Administration, Board of Directors, 1943, duplicate

12/4/43, NYC, Transcript of Proceedings, duplicate

File 11: Administration, Board of Directors, 1944

12/9/44, NYC, Transcript of Proceedings

File 12: Administration, Board of Directors, Membership Lists 1931 - 1944

Board of Directors Membership Lists 1931-1944.

File 13: Administration, Executive Committee, 1933 - 1944

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25. 1933.3/30, 5/25, 7/11, 10/18.1934.1/4, 2/11, 3/2, 6/13, 9/20, 10/17, 12/6

File 14: Administration, Executive Committee, 1935

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/7, 1/15, 3/26, 5/22, 7/1, 7/10, 10/9, 10/21, 12/20

File 15: Administration, Executive Committee, 1936

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.2/10, 4/1, 5/4, 5/25, 6/3, 7/2, 10/13, 11/24, 12/13

File 16: Administration, Executive Committee, 1937

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.3/8, 4/14, 5/18, 9/23, 10/21

File 17: Administration, Executive Committee, 1938

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/20, 2/24, 3/17, 4/20, 5/24, 9/18, 9/20, 9/29, 10/31, 11/4, 11/9, 11/14, 11/28, 12/12

File 18: Administration, Executive Committee, 1939

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/26, 2/23, 3/22, 4/19, 5/22, 6/5, 6/8, 6/16, 7/17

File 19: Administration, Executive Committee, 1939

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.9/7, 9/27, 10/10, 11/15, 11/29, 12/18, 12/27

File 20: Administration, Executive Committee, 1940

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/24, 3/13, 4/15, 5/22, 6/19, 7/17, 9/18, 10/15, 11/27, 12/23

File 21: Administration, Executive Committee, 1941

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/15, 2/11, 3/19, 4/16, 5/21, 6/18, *7/16, *8/21, 9/11, 10/22, 11/25, 12/10

File 22: Administration, Executive Committee, 1942

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/27, 2/18, 3/18, 4/15, 5/20, 6/17, 8/6, 9/16, 10/22, 11/18, 12/16

File 23: Administration, Executive Committee, 1943

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/20, 2/10, 3/17, 4/28, 5/19, 6/16, *7/27, 9/22, 10/27, 11/17, 12/15

File 24: Administration, Executive Committee, 1944

Minutes of Meetings. Verbatim reports of many meetings are also included. For Executive Committee Membership Lists, see below: File 25.1/19, 2/16, 3/15, 4/19, 5/17, 6/21, 9/13, 10/11, 11/15, 12/20

File 25: Administration, Executive Committee, Membership Lists 1933 - 1944

Executive Committee Membership Lists, 1933-1944

File 26: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1931

3/21/31. Verbatim transcript of the Minutes

File 26a: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1932 - 1934

3/27/32. Verbatim Report of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting. For printed copy, see: Archives 1921-1933, File 12.Minutes of the Annual Meetings 3/30/33, and Minutes and Verbatim Minutes, 6/13/34.

File 27: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1935

4/13/35. Verbatim transcript of the Minutes, duplicates, including one with notes by J.C. Hyman

File 28: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1936 - 1938

12/13/36. Minutes and Summary of Minutes.12/20/37. Minutes plus Verbatim Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting.12/20/38. Minutes plus Verbatim Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting

File 29: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1939

(Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Meeting). 12/3/39. Minutes

File 30: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1939

(Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Meeting) 12/3/39. Proceedings. For transcript of Proceedings of Annual Meeting, see: pp. 94-153

File 31: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1939

(Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Meeting) Messages of congratulations from organizations and leaders in 22 countries.

File 32: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1940-1942

12/9/40. Minutes plus Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting.12/19/41. Minutes plus Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting.12/4/42. Minutes plus Minutes of Annual Corporate Meeting

File 33: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1943

12/5/43. correspondence, reports, memos, addenda, 12/3/42 – 1/14/44.Report: “The Rescue of Stricken Jews in a World at War” incorporates the major addresses and financial data submitted to the Annual Meeting. For a transcript of the Proceedings, see: Proceedings, Board of Directors 12/4/43, pp. 89 – 116

File 34: Administration, National Council, Minutes of Meetings, 1944

(Thirtieth Anniversary Meeting).12/10/44. correspondence, reports, memos, addenda, 10/19/44 – 12/23/44.Transcript of Proceedings, morning and afternoon sessions. Workbook for Annual Meeting, “JDC in 1944” incorporates statements and reports submitted by the principal JDC officers.

File 35: Administration, National Council, Membership Lists, 1931 - 1939
File 36: Administration, National Council, Membership Lists, 1941 - 1943
File 58: Administration, Committees, General

Notes of meetings of Committee of Three to Consider Establishment of JDC standing Committees, 2/4/39, 2/28/39. Committee report, 4/18/39. Lists of JDC standing Committees: 2/3/38, 9/11/39, 10/3/39, 11/13/39, 3/26/40, 6/24/42, 9/11/42, January 1944, 10/4/44. JDC Local Committees, in Latin America and the Philippines, 12/24/41. Also see below: Committees, Miscellaneous, File 97

File 59: Administration, Committees, Administration Committee, 1939 - 1940

The Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939 confronted the JDC with a range of critical problems that called for the framing or development of basic policies, the making of realistic decisions and the taking of swift action. To cope with the need, the JDC created the Administration Committee in October 1939, and its meetings occurred at weekly or near-weekly intervals throughout the course of the war. The 40 meetings or so it held in 1940 and 1941 each, the 44 in 1942, the 49 in 1943 and the 52 in 1944 stamped it as the most active committee in JDC history. The Committee began with a membership of 15 JDC officers and leaders, but regular weekly attendance became a strain for many as the war progressed. Effective January 1942, the membership was slimmed down to eight. The Committee was renamed the Emergency Administration Committee, and it bore that title until the end of the war. Towards the last, the membership was enlarged again, in a bid to cope with the eruption of ever fresh crises. Minutes of Meetings 1939: 10/18, 10/25, 11/1, 11/8, 11/22, 12/13, 12/20.Minutes of Meetings 1940: 1/6, 1/10, 1/16, 1/31, 2/7, 2/14, 2/21, 2/28, 3/6, 3/22, 3/27, 4/4, 4/10, 4/25, 5/1, 5/8, 5/15, 5/29, 6/5, 6/12, 6/26, 7/3, 7/10, 7/31, 8/7, 8/14, 8/21, 8/28, 9/4, 9/25, 10/2, 10/9, 10/30, 11/6, 11/14, 11/25, 12/2, 12/16, 12/30.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, H.K. Buchman, Norman H. Davis, J.C. Hyman, M.A. Leavitt, Wm. Rosenwald.

File 60: Administration, Committees, Administration Committee, 1941

The Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939 confronted the JDC with a range of critical problems that called for the framing or development of basic policies, the making of realistic decisions and the taking of swift action. To cope with the need, the JDC created the Administration Committee in October 1939, and its meetings occurred at weekly or near-weekly intervals throughout the course of the war. The 40 meetings or so it held in 1940 and 1941 each, the 44 in 1942, the 49 in 1943 and the 52 in 1944 stamped it as the most active committee in JDC history. The Committee began with a membership of 15 JDC officers and leaders, but regular weekly attendance became a strain for many as the war progressed. Effective January 1942, the membership was slimmed down to eight. The Committee was renamed the Emergency Administration Committee, and it bore that title until the end of the war. Towards the last, the membership was enlarged again, in a bid to cope with the eruption of ever fresh crises. Minutes of Meetings: 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/10, 2/17, 2/24, 3/10, 3/17, 3/31, 4/7, 4/14, 4/21, 4/28, 5/5, 5/12, 5/19, 5/26, 6/29. Note: Minutes for second half of 1941 are missing.

File 61: Administration, Committees, Emergency Administration Committee, 1942

The Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939 confronted the JDC with a range of critical problems that called for the framing or development of basic policies, the making of realistic decisions and the taking of swift action. To cope with the need, the JDC created the Administration Committee in October 1939, and its meetings occurred at weekly or near-weekly intervals throughout the course of the war. The 40 meetings or so it held in 1940 and 1941 each, the 44 in 1942, the 49 in 1943 and the 52 in 1944 stamped it as the most active committee in JDC history. The Committee began with a membership of 15 JDC officers and leaders, but regular weekly attendance became a strain for many as the war progressed. Effective January 1942, the membership was slimmed down to eight. The Committee was renamed the Emergency Administration Committee, and it bore that title until the end of the war. Towards the last, the membership was enlarged again, in a bid to cope with the eruption of ever fresh crises. Minutes of Meetings: 1/8, 1/15, 2/5, 2/26, 3/5, 3/11, 3/18, 3/25, 4/1, 4/21, 4/28, 5/5, 5/12, 5/19, 5/27, 6/2, 6/16, 6/25, 6/30, 7/7, 7/14, 7/28, 8/11, 8/18, 8/25, 9/8, 9/22, 9/29, 10/5, 10/13, 10/20, 10/27, 11/4, 11/9, 11/17, 11/24, 12/1, 12/8, 12/15, 12/22, 12/29.

File 62: Administration, Committees, Emergency Administration Committee, 1943

The Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939 confronted the JDC with a range of critical problems that called for the framing or development of basic policies, the making of realistic decisions and the taking of swift action. To cope with the need, the JDC created the Administration Committee in October 1939, and its meetings occurred at weekly or near-weekly intervals throughout the course of the war. The 40 meetings or so it held in 1940 and 1941 each, the 44 in 1942, the 49 in 1943 and the 52 in 1944 stamped it as the most active committee in JDC history. The Committee began with a membership of 15 JDC officers and leaders, but regular weekly attendance became a strain for many as the war progressed. Effective January 1942, the membership was slimmed down to eight. The Committee was renamed the Emergency Administration Committee, and it bore that title until the end of the war. Towards the last, the membership was enlarged again, in a bid to cope with the eruption of ever fresh crises. Minutes of Meetings 1/5, 1/12, 1/19, 2/2, 2/9, 2/17, 2/23, 3/2, 3/9, 3/16, 3/23, 3/30, 4/6, 4/13, 4/21, 4/27, 5/4, 5/11, 5/17, 5/25, 6/1, 6/8, 6/15, 6/22, 6/29, 7/6, 7/13, 7/20, 7/27, 8/3, 8/10, 8/17, 8/24, 8/31, 9/7, 9/14, 9/28, 10/12, 10/19, 10/26, 11/2, 11/9, 11/23, 11/30, 12/7, 12/14, 12/21, 12/28.

File 63: Administration, Committees, Emergency Administration Committee, 1944

The Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939 confronted the JDC with a range of critical problems that called for the framing or development of basic policies, the making of realistic decisions and the taking of swift action. To cope with the need, the JDC created the Administration Committee in October 1939, and its meetings occurred at weekly or near-weekly intervals throughout the course of the war. The 40 meetings or so it held in 1940 and 1941 each, the 44 in 1942, the 49 in 1943 and the 52 in 1944 stamped it as the most active committee in JDC history. The Committee began with a membership of 15 JDC officers and leaders, but regular weekly attendance became a strain for many as the war progressed. Effective January 1942, the membership was slimmed down to eight. The Committee was renamed the Emergency Administration Committee, and it bore that title until the end of the war. Towards the last, the membership was enlarged again, in a bid to cope with the eruption of ever fresh crises. Minutes of Meetings: 1/11, 1/18, 1/25, 2/1, 2/8, a2/9, 2/15, 2/23, 2/29, 3/7, a3/9, 3/14, 3/21, 3/28, 4/4, 4/11, 4/18, 5/2, 5/9, 5/16, 5/23, 6/6, 6/13, 6/20, b6/27, 7/6, 7/11, 7/18, 7/25, 8/1, 8/8, 8/22, 8/29, c8/29, 9/5, 9/12, 9/20, 9/26, 10/3, d10/10, 10/17, 10/24, 10/31, 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/5, 12/12, 12/19, 12/26.

File 64: Administration, Committees, Administration Reserve Fund Committee

The Fund was created in August 1937 out of funds remaining from activities and investments in Russia. The original resolution by the JDC Executive Committee called for setting aside $200,000 in Russian bonds to serve as a fund on behalf of which interest coupons could be allowed to accumulate, and for the appointment of a small Committee to administer it. In January 1942, a new Committee was appointed (Baerwald, Bacher, Goldwasser and Rosenberg). On 12/4/42, the Board of Directors confirmed the original arrangement which had vested the sub-Committee with complete discretion in the disposition of the funds (see: Minutes of meeting, Board of Directors, 12/4/42).

File 65: Administration, Committees, Allocations Committee (UJA)

The UJA-JDC Agreements for 1934 and 1939 fixed the ratio of distribution of campaign collections among the beneficiary organizations. For 1934, the Agreement called for an equal division between the JDC and the American Palestine Committee of the first $1 million raised. The Allocations Committee was authorized to make grants of sums raised in excess of that amount. For 1939, the Agreement fixed the ratio of distribution of the first $9,500,000, while the Allocations Committee was charged with devising a formula for the distribution of the next $6,000,000. The Committee consisted of two representatives each of the JDC and the UPA and they in turn selected a fifth member, Louis E. Kirstein, who served as Chairman. S.A. Goldsmith was appointed Secretary, following the first meeting on 10/30/39.JDC memo on how to allocate sums in excess of $1 million, 10/19/34. Memo on Financial and Functional Operations of Agencies Financed through UJA 1939, 11/12/39. Allocations Committee devised a formula for the distribution of $6,000,000 in campaign collections following the initial $9,500,000, Minutes of meeting 11/15/39; also see: 12/4/39.Correspondence: S. Goldman, S.A. Goldsmith, H. Ittelson, L. Kirstein, A.D. Lasker, A.H. Silver.

File 66: Administration, Committees, Allotment Committee (UJA), 1940

The UJA Allotment Committee of 1940 was the successor to the UJA Allocations Committee of 1939 and was charged with similar tasks. The UJA Agreement for 1940 fixed the ratio of distributions among the three beneficiary organizations of the first $10,250,000 in campaign collections. The Allotment Committee was charged with devising a formula for the distribution of the rest. The seven-man Committee consisted of two representatives each of the JDC and the UPA, and three of the Council of Federations and Welfare Funds (Chairman: Harris Perlstein, Secretary Elisha Friedman).JDC application for funds outlining its program, budget and needs, 8/20/40, 10/14/40, 11/18/40. Verbatim minutes of Committee meetings calling for the division of funds to the JDC and the UPA beyond the original allotments in the ratio of 2:1, 12/6/40-12/7/40.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, E.M. Friedman

File 67: Administration, Committees, Allotment Committee (UJA), 1941 - 1944

The UJA Allotment Committee of 1940 was the successor to the UJA Allocations Committee of 1939 and was charged with similar tasks. The UJA Agreement for 1940 fixed the ratio of distributions among the three beneficiary organizations of the first $10,250,000 in campaign collections. The Allotment Committee was charged with devising a formula for the distribution of the rest. The seven-man Committee consisted of two representatives each of the JDC and the UPA, and three of the Council of Federations and Welfare Funds (Chairman: Harris Perlstein, Secretary Elisha Friedman).JDC application for funds outlining its program, budget and needs, 2/14/41. Final report of the Allotment Committee, attachment to 2/14/41 Friedman to Baerwald, Table, UJA Percentages of Distribution between the JDC and the UPA, 1939-1941, 9/2/42. Report to the Allotment Committee of the UJA for 1941, by Eli Ginzberg, undated. Publication: Report to American Jews (On Overseas Relief, Palestine and Refugees in the U.S., by Eli Ginzberg, Harper and Brothers 1942, based upon Friedman Report).Note: Copy of the Report of the Inquiry of the Allotment Committee of 1940 (Friedman Report) is not contained in the file. Distribution was conducted by the Council of Federations and Welfare funds. Correspondence: J.H. Becker, E.M. Friedman, J.C. Hyman, M.A. Leavitt, L. Lipsky, H. Pearlstein.

File 68: Administration, Committees, Budget and Scope Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1933: 2/15, 5/1, 5/25, 10/25, 11/22.Minutes of Meetings 1934: 1/10, 4/3, 6/28, 8/27.Minutes of Meetings 1935: 1/9, 2/27, 4/4.JDC appropriations in 1933 reached $945,000 and included: German aid, within Germany and in refugee lands $710,500, Eastern Europe $136,500, Cultural activities $12,000, Russia Passover relief $2,000, B and S Minutes 1/10/34. JDC appropriations in 1934 came to $1,263,045 and included: German aid $928,760, Eastern Europe $202,500; Russian activities $25,000 and Cultural activities $14,000, B and S Report to Executive Committee, 1/7/35.

File 69: Administration, Committees, Budget and Scope Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1935: 5/14, 9/12.Minutes of Meetings 1936: 1/14, 3/25, 11/17.B and S Committee recommended to Executive Committee that it allow the current agreement for a combined campaign to expire at the end of 1935 and to enter into no new arrangements thereafter, Minutes 5/14/35 and 9/12/35, and reports by Hyman to B and S Committee, 7/16/35 (attached to letter 9/5/35), and Bressler to Executive Committee 10/9/35. Memo by D.B. Bressler reviewing scope of JDC aid in 1934-1935 and Budget and Scope prospects for 1936, 11/22/35, and a summary of the memo 12/2/35. JDC appropriations in 1935 amounted to $979,700 and included: German aid $509,200, Eastern Europe $336,000, Cultural activities, $24,500, 2/7/36. Appropriations in 1936 came to $1,910,680 and included aid in: Germany $524,500, Refugee countries $363,500, Refugees in U.S. $201,180, Eastern Europe $701,500, Statement of Appropriations for 1936, 1/18/37.

File 70: Administration, Committees, Budget and Scope Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1937: 1/26, 4/14, 6/17, 9/17, 10/5, 11/29.Minutes of Meetings 1938: 1/14, 1/27, 6/23, 8/11, 11/17, 12/22.JDC appropriations in 1937 increased to $2,767,975 and included: aid to Germany $683,200, Refugee countries $429,300, Refugees in the U.S. $338,000, Eastern Europe $1,157,475. Statement of Appropriations for 1937, attached to Minutes 1/14/38. Appropriations in 1938 grew to $4,231,700 and included aid to: Germany and Austria $1,131,700, Refugee countries of Europe $858,200, Refugees in North and South America $771,300, Eastern and Central Europe (Germany and Austria excepted) $1,060,500, AJR Foundation, $100,000, Special projects $100,000, Report B and S Committee to Executive Committee 1/26/39.

File 71: Administration, Committees, Budget and Scope Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1939: 1/20, 2/2, 3/17, 4/12, 5/16, 7/26, 9/28, 11/9, 11/20.B and S appropriations increased throughout 1939, reaching $3,981,000 for the first six months of the year, 7/3/39, and $10,479,500 for the entire year. The latter sum included: Greater Germany $2,235,000, Refugee countries $3,358,000, Eastern and Central Europe $1,315,000, Central and South America, $500,000 and One-Time grants $2,326,000, Status of Appropriations for 1939, 12/31/39.

File 72: Administration, Committees, Budget and Scope Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1940: 1/10, 2/29, 3/19, 4/4, 5/3, 5/14, 6/26, 8/5, 9/11, 10/14, 11/8, 12/16, 12/30.B and S appropriations for 1940 amounted to $6,339,600 and included: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Protectorates and Luxemburg $1,185,000; Refugee aid, and relief and reconstruction in eastern and central Europe $2,546,600; Poland Emergency Fund $1,350,000; Latin America $515,000; and Cultural activities $101,000, Joint Report by B and S and Finance Committee, to Executive Committee, 12/13/40.

File 73: Administration, Committees, Budget and Finance Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95.Minutes of Meetings 1941: 3/3, 3/31, 4/30, 5/29, 7/9. 10/9, 11/6.Minutes of Meetings 1942: 1/20, 3/18, 7/14, 9/16.Budget and Finance Committee formed by merger of Budget and Scope Committee and Finance Committees, 3/21/41, 3/31/41. JDC appropriations for 1941 came to $5,694,100, 1/27/42. In 1942, they increased to $7,257,330 and included: Emigration $1,294,215, Allied and neutral countries $3,515,700 and Occupied countries $2,009,200, Statement of Liabilities, Reserves and Resources as of 9/30/42, 11/27/42, Schedule “A”.

File 74: Administration, Committees, Budget and Finance Committee

In September 1929, the Committee on Budget and Scope of the Activities of the JDC was organized. It devoted itself to fund-raising and financial problems in the main, and acted as a ranking standing committee throughout the years 1933-1945. David M. Bressler served as Chairman from the outset until the close of 1940.By 1933, the Committee name had slimmed down to Budget and Scope but its activities followed the same functional lines as in earlier years. Committee membership also kept its pattern. It continued to comprise the chairmen of all the standing committees, although in time JDC officers and other activists were added as well; see: report by D.M. Bressler to JDC Annual Meeting, 12/2/39. p. 2.In 1940, the B and S Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Finance Committee (Chairman: Harold F. Linder) since the membership of the two committees had become virtually identical. At the close of the year, Bressler proposed that the two committees merge, a changeover that occurred in 1941. The Committee gained a new name: Budget and Finance Committee, and Linder replaced Bressler as Chairman. After Pearl Harbor, Linder entered the armed forces and J.H. Sherman succeeded him as chairman. For materials on the earlier Finance Committee, see File 95. Minutes of Meetings 1943: 1/20, 2/17, 12/27 .Minutes of Meetings 1944: 5/22, 6/27.B and F appropriations for 1943 grew to $10,453,052 and included: Emigration $672,035, Allied and neutral countries $5,294,117, Occupied countries $2,440,000 and Cooperating organizations and others $1,533,900, memo 6/23/44, Exhibit IV: Appropriations for 1944 grew to $20,011,971 and included aid in Occupied countries $4,571,000, in Liberated countries $4,826,050 and in Allied and neutral countries $5,515,042.

File 75: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1933 - 1934

Special Committee (Chairman: D.M. Bressler) recommended appointment of National Campaign Committee for 1933 and a campaign goal of $1,500,000, 12/28/32 – 1/4/33. Composition of the National Committee, 3/29/33. Differences in objectives of campaign fund-raising between the JDC and the American Palestine Campaign, (Chairman, Louis Lipsky) 6/19/33 – 6/20/33, 6/22/33 – 6/30/33, 7/7/33. Status of the 1933 Campaign as of 8/21/33, and of 12/31/33 (1/3/34). The JDC and the APC agreed to conduct a combined appeal for 1934 with a campaign goal of $3,000,000, 3/11/34.Correspondence: C. Adler, P. Baerwald, J.H. Becker, I. Coons, L. Finkelstein, J.C. Hyman, L. Lipsky, E.M. Morrissey, F.M. Warburg. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 76: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1934 - 1935

The JDC Sub-Committee that was charged with considering the continuation of the Agreement with the APC recommended that the JDC Board of Directors plus the campaign chairmen in leading cities who were not Board members should be polled for their views, Committee Minutes 10/2/34. Most of the 50 replies received favored the continuation but with modifying reservations, Hyman to Warburg, attachment to 10/16/34. Report by the JDC Negotiating Committee, Minutes Executive Committee 1/7/35. The JDC served notice on the APC that it desired to modify the terms of their agreement, Minutes of Meeting, 10/25/34. The JDC agreed to continue in the UJA during 1935, Minutes Executive Committee 1/15/35, and the Agreement with the APC was signed 1/31/35. It called for a campaign goal of $3,250,000, the first $1,700,000 of it to be divided in the ratio of 60:40 in favor of the JDC, while the Allocations Committee was to allocate the excess, 1/31/35, 2/8/35 Press Release. Correspondence: C. Adler, H. Altschul, J.H. Becker, D.M. Bressler, D.A. Brown, I. Coons, M. Engleman, M. Gillis, M.F. Hellman, J.C. Hyman, L. Lipsky, S. Lowenstein, J.N. Rosenberg, M. Rothenberg, A.L. Saltzstein, A.L. Weil. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 77: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1936

The Executive Committee weighed the desirability of conducting a united campaign for 1936 with the APC, Minutes Executive Committee 7/10/35. Memo on the Continuance of a United Jewish Appeal by J.C. Hyman, 9/5/35. Budget and Scope Committee recommended that the 1935 Agreement be allowed to expire and that the JDC conduct an independent campaign thereafter, 9/12/35, 10/9/35. The Executive Committee approved the recommendations, Minutes Executive Committee 10/9/35. Baerwald appointed a Provisional Committee on Organization for the 1936 campaign (J.B. Wise, Chairman), 10/14/35, and the Executive Committee granted it authority to conduct the campaign, Minutes 10/21/35. The JDC and the APC issued a joint press statement that the two organizations would go their separate ways for 1936, 10/28/35. Emergency Conference meeting at Chicago authorized campaign to raise $3,500,000 for the JDC, 12/8/35. Campaign reports by: Campaign Provisional Committee for 1936, Minutes Executive Committee 2/10/36; J.B. Wise, Minutes Executive Committee, 4/1/36.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, D.M. Bressler, I. Coons, M.C. Hexter, J.C. Hyman, N. Laski, E.M. Morrissey, J.N. Rosenberg, Wm. Rosenwald, B.C. Vladeck, F.M. Warburg. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 78: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1937 - 1939

A limited agreement for 1937 between the JDC, the UPA and the CJFWF was reached covering the division of funds raised for overseas use in specified cities, 2/4/37. A limited agreement for 1938 between the JDC and the UPA followed the same lines as in 1937, 2/8/38. The P and S sub-Committee recommended that the JDC, the UPA and the Council of Jewish Federations explore prospects for holding a united appeal for 1939, 11/13/38; also see: File 106, Transcript and Proceedings 11/13/38.A JDC sub-Committee on 1939 fund-raising problems discussed prospects for the 1939 campaign, 11/22/38, 12/6/38, 12/8/38 and 12/9/38, and the Executive Committee discussed the prospects on 11/28/38. An agreement for a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) was reached 12/9/38. Also see: UJA press release, 1/13/39. Status reports on the progress of the 1939 fund-raising campaign, 5/12/39, 7/20/39, 9/7/39, 10/10/39, 10/30/39, 12/2/39, and File 80, June 1940, 10/15/42.Correspondence: S. Lowenstein, H. Montor, E.M. Morrissey, J.N. Rosenberg, L.S. Rosenwald, Wm. Rosenwald, J.J. Schwartz, A.H. Silver, H. Stern, M.C. Troper, J.B. Wise. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 79: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, 1940

The agencies affiliated with the Council of Federations called for a united campaign for 1940, 11/13/39. A JDC committee was appointed to consider campaign plans for 1940, 11/17/39. The Board of Directors by a mail poll favored a combined campaign on the whole, Analyses of Responses 12/26/39. S. Hollander (Pres: Council of Federations) submitted a compromise plan after the JDC-UPA negotiations broke down, 1/4/40. The JDC accepted the plan but the UPA rejected it, Baerwald to Hollander 1/8/40. Agencies and individuals associated with the CJFWF urged the JDC to reach agreement on a united campaign, attachments to letter Schwartz to Solender, 1/18/40. Agreement for the 1940 campaign was reached Silver to Schwartz, 1/18/40. Also see: Statement on Negotiations with the UPA on the UJA in 1940, 1/22/40, File 80, 2/8/40, for a copy of the final agreement. Correspondence: P. Baerwald, I. Bettman, S. McCavert, P.E. Hoffman, S. Hollander, J.C. Hyman, M.S. Lazaron, H.L. Lurie, E.M. Morrissey, E.A. Norman, J.J. Schwartz, A.H. Silver, J.B. Wise. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 80: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1940

An agreement was reached for a United Jewish Appeal in 1940 between the JDC, the UPA and the National Refugee Service, 2/8/40. Analyses of the Agreement by J.J. Schwartz 3/9/40, and J.C. Hyman 3/11/40. Status reports on the progress of the 1940 campaign by: J.B. Wise, undated (June 1940); I.B. Coons and H. Montor 6/26/40, 10/15/42.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, I. Coons, P.E. Hoffman, J.C. Hyman, H. Ittelson, S. Lowenstein, H. Montor, Wm. Rosenwald, J.J. Schwartz, A.H. Silver, Most ReVice B.J. Scheil, J.B. Wise. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 81: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1940 September - December

Correspondence P. Baerwald and A.H. Silver on JDC-UPA negotiations for a 1941 UJA, 11/19/40 – 12/6/40. Silver rejected the JDC position and expressed intentions to conduct an independent campaign for 1941, 12/10/40. Baerwald replied “We have no alternative but to accept your decision” 12/13/40, and Silver’s reply 12/14/40. Representatives of the JDC, the UPA and the CJFWF met again, but there was a renewed failure to agree, 12/17/40. JDC report on the course of the negotiations with the UPA, Minutes Executive Committee 12/23/40. The JDC and the UPA issued a joint statement announcing the break, 12/24/40, 12/27/40. Brief summaries of the course of negotiations 12/16/40 untitled, and 12/31/40 “The Reasons for an Independent Campaign by the JDC During 1941”.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, S. Hollander, J.C. Hyman, M.S. Lazaron, H.L. Lurie, J.N. Rosenberg, Wm. Rosenwald, A.H. Silver. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 82: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1941 January - February

Representatives of the JDC and the NRS agreed to conduct independent campaigns for 1941 but to use the existing machinery and to work with a joint steering committee, 1/8/41. Report to Board of Directors: “The Reasons for an Independent JDC Appeal in 1941”, 1/14/41. The JDC announced a 1941 campaign goal of $11,250,000, 2/3/41. Possibilities for reconstituting the UJA for 1941 improved, 2/6/41; also see: Lurie to Baerwald 2/6/41; Resolution by JDC Executive Committee 2/11/41; Lurie to Silver 2/13/41; Silver to Lurie 2/17/41, attachment Lowenstein to Baerwald 2/21/41.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, I. Coons, W.R. Herman, P.E. Hoffman, J.C. Hyman, H.L. Lurie, A.H. Silver, J.B. Wise. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 83: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1941 March - 1942 January

The UJA was reconstituted for 1941 to include the JDC, the UPA, and the NRS, Morrissey to Leavitt 3/3/41, Hollander to Hyman, 3/6/41, 3/8/41, joint letter by A.H. Silver and J.B. Wise 3/7/41. Analysis of Campaigns 1930 – 1941, Table, 11/3/41. Progress reports of 1941 UJA campaign: 9/25/41, 12/10/41. Negotiations opened on a united campaign for 1942, 10/29/41, 11/4/41, 12/23/41.Correspondence: I. Coons, F.M. Greenman, P.E. Hoffman, S. Hollander, J.C. Hyman., H.F. Linder, H. Montor, Wm. Rosenwald, A.H. Silver, E.M.M. Warburg, J.B. Wise. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 84: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, General, 1942 - 1944

The UJA Agreement for 1942 was confirmed effective 12/31/41, 1/8/42. Press release on the Agreement, 1/8/42. Progress reports on the UJA Campaign 1942 – 1944 by: Coons and Montor: 4/29/42; Wise and Coons: 12/1/42; J.B. Wise: 10/22/42, 4/28/43, 6/16/43, 9/22/43, 1/19/44, 5/17/44, 11/15/44. The UJA was incorporated as a permanent communal organization, and a copy of its by-laws, 7/2/42. The UJA Agreement for 1943 was signed, 1/20/43; also see: Memo of Agreement (attachment to 10/23/42), 11/16/42, 11/18/42. UJA Agreements for 1944, signed 1/28/44; also see: File 23, Executive Committee Minutes, 11/17/43, 12/15/43.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, I. Coons, S. Hollander, J.C. Hyman, H.L. Lurie, H. Montor, Wm. Rosenwald, A.H. Silver, E.M.M. Warburg, D.M. Watchmaker. Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 85: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, Community Allotments and Quotas in Campaigns, 1935 - 1941

JDC applications to communities to meet its estimated budgetary requirements for: 1937, 2/1/37; 1938, 1/28/38; 1939, 2/24/39; 1941, 2/14/41.Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 86: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, Campaign Publicity

Speeches 1934 – 1936; 1939.Press Releases 1934 – 1936; 1940 – 1941.Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 87: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, "Night of Stars" Presentation, 1936 - 1937; 1942

The “Night of Stars” was a charity benefit performance launched by the UJA New York in 1934 and continued thereafter as an annual event. In 1936, the JDC continued as a beneficiary by special agreement with the UPA, even though it was not a participant that year in the UJA. The JDC withdrew from the “Night of Stars” in 1937.Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 88: Administration, Committees, Committee on Campaigns, JDC Junior Division, 1933 - 1944

The JDC Junior Division was created in 1933, originally to rally the Jewish youth of America to the side of the persecuted Jewish youth of Germany. Pauline Baerwald-Falk and Ralph A. Habas established the group for the New York City Campaign and then enlarged it to create a national Jewish movement. The Junior Division created separate youth campaign groups and became a potent force. Collections soared from some $14,000 raised in 15 communities in 1934, to $114,000 in 86 communities in 1938, to $269,000 in 110 communities in 1940. Pauline Falk served as National Chairman until 1939 (and as Honorary Chairman thereafter) and was succeeded in turn by Lois Hollander Cole, Lloyd Whitebrook, and Mrs. Roman Totenberg.Reports: 8/24/34, annual 1934 undated, 5/18/36, 6/30/38, 9/18/38, 1/25/39, 1/28/39, 12/2/39 – 12/3/39, 6/28/39, 7/1/40, 12/31/40 (attachment to 1/6/41), Survey prepared by Junior Division undated (1941?).Correspondence, memos, reports and addenda pertaining to JDC fund-raising campaigns 1933 – 1945.The JDC conducted independent fund-raising campaigns for 1933, 1936, 1937 and 1938 and joint campaigns with the American Palestine Campaign (APC) and/or the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and others to form a United Jewish Appeal (UJA) in 1934, 1935, 1939 – 1944. In addition, the JDC and the UPA reached limited agreements in a number of cities and towns, on the division of funds collected for overseas use in the 1937 – 1938 campaigns. The materials contained in the files below are linked to the discussions and agreements that have a bearing upon the individual campaigns. Also see: JDC Regional Campaigns, File 45-57; Plan and Scope Committee, Files 101-106, United Palestine Appeal, Files 340-341.

File 89: Administration, Committees, Committee on Cultural Activities, 1933 - 1936

Minutes of Meetings 1935: 5/8, 5/16, 7/2.Minutes of Meetings 1936: 2/5, 10/21.In 1934, JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious purposes reached $160,000 and the Committee allocated $14,000 of it, 3/25/35, Memo Morrissey to Baerwald. The Committee called for the right to direct the expenditure of all JDC cultural allotments abroad coming from all sources, 2/10/36 telegram Adler to Hyman, and 2/19/36 Morrissey to Kahn. B. Kahn agreed to make his cultural allocations only after receiving the opinion and consent of the Cultural Committee, 3/4/36 Kahn to Morrissey. JDC Cultural and Education expenditures in 1936 ($98,674) exclusive of Germany, undated. Note: Cultural expenditures in Germany came to $83,000 in 1936, Bressler to Budget and Scope Committee, 1/26/37.Correspondence: C. Adler, P. Baerwald, M. Engelman, A. Horowitz, J.C. Hyman, L. Jung, B. Kahn, E.M. Morrissey, P. Wiernik. The JDC Committee on Cultural Affairs dates back to May 1922. It had six members, two each representing the AJRC, the CRC, and the PRC, the three original constituent committees of the JDC. Dr. Cyrus Adler was the chairman from the inception until his death in April 1940. Rabbi Leo Jung became Chairman in March 1943, but Dr. Adler’s seat on the Committee was kept vacant until after World War II. Note: Rabbi Jung resigned as chairman in 1978, 35 years later, after holding the longest Chairmanship in JDC history. Committee activities varied greatly in intensity over the years, and were shaped by the size of the funds granted it by the Executive Committee JDC campaign collections reached their lowest ebb in 1932 – 1933 and allotments to the Committee sank to $12,000 for 1933. They climbed thereafter, reaching $63,000 in 1938 and $300,000 in 1944. The Committee distributed its funds via the three original constituent Committees of the JDC, by the terms of a formula agreed upon in earlier years. Between 1933 – 1939, Cultural Committee allocations formed but the smaller part of JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious activities. The greater part stemmed directly from the JDC European Office and from other JDC programs. After war broke out in 1939, JDC cultural expenditures were all channeled via the Cultural Committee, and the shift accounted for the pickup in Committee activity and in the great increases in allocations that followed in the war years.The following table presents Committee allocations for the years 1933 – 1944:1933: $12,000.1934: 14,000.1935: 18,000.1936: 31,800.1937: 57,500.1938: $63,000.1939: $120,000.1940: 102,000.1941: 83,000.1942: 107,800.1943: 156,750.1944: 300,000.Total: $1,065,850.Throughout the war years, the major share of the Committee allocations went to Palestine for the support of educational and cultural institutions as well as for groups of refugee rabbis and of former teachers, cantors and community officials from Germany. These allocations were reached by agreement between the three constituent committees of the JDC. In the pre-war years, allocations for Palestine formed a considerably smaller percentage of the whole. For additional materials, see: Cultural and Religious, Files 351-362 Matzoth, Files 416-420. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921 – 1932, Files 30-31.

File 90: Administration, Committees, Committee on Cultural Activities, 1937 - 1938

Minutes of Meetings: 1937: 11/16.Minutes of Meetings: 1938: 2/2.Tables: 50 Yeshivas and seminaries in Poland, Lithuania, and Palestine and their sources of income in 1936 (from the JDC included), 10/18/37 Horowitz-Adler; Schools, Institutions and Yeshivoth supported by the JDC, 8/12/38; JDC appropriations for Cultural and Religious institutions in 1937 ($245,875), 7/12/38; in 1938 ($228,988), 6/7/39. Report, “The Resuscitation of Jewish Cultural Life in Europe”, B. Kahn, undated, (December 1938).Correspondence: C. Adler, D.M. Bressler, H.K. Buchman, O.Z. Fasman, A. Horowitz, J.C. Hyman, B. Kahn, E.M. Morrissey, J. Rosenberg, J. Rosenheim, M.C. Troper.The JDC Committee on Cultural Affairs dates back to May 1922. It had six members, two each representing the AJRC, the CRC, and the PRC, the three original constituent committees of the JDC. Dr. Cyrus Adler was the chairman from the inception until his death in April 1940. Rabbi Leo Jung became Chairman in March 1943, but Dr. Adler’s seat on the Committee was kept vacant until after World War II. Note: Rabbi Jung resigned as chairman in 1978, 35 years later, after holding the longest Chairmanship in JDC history. Committee activities varied greatly in intensity over the years, and were shaped by the size of the funds granted it by the Executive Committee JDC campaign collections reached their lowest ebb in 1932 – 1933 and allotments to the Committee sank to $12,000 for 1933. They climbed thereafter, reaching $63,000 in 1938 and $300,000 in 1944. The Committee distributed its funds via the three original constituent Committees of the JDC, by the terms of a formula agreed upon in earlier years. Between 1933 – 1939, Cultural Committee allocations formed but the smaller part of JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious activities. The greater part stemmed directly from the JDC European Office and from other JDC programs. After war broke out in 1939, JDC cultural expenditures were all channeled via the Cultural Committee, and the shift accounted for the pickup in Committee activity and in the great increases in allocations that followed in the war years.The following table presents Committee allocations for the years 1933 – 1944:1933: $12,000.1934: 14,000.1935: 18,000.1936: 31,800.1937: 57,500.1938: $63,000.1939: $120,000.1940: 102,000.1941: 83,000.1942: 107,800.1943: 156,750.1944: 300,000.Total: $1,065,850.Throughout the war years, the major share of the Committee allocations went to Palestine for the support of educational and cultural institutions as well as for groups of refugee rabbis and of former teachers, cantors and community officials from Germany. These allocations were reached by agreement between the three constituent committees of the JDC. In the pre-war years, allocations for Palestine formed a considerably smaller percentage of the whole. For additional materials, see: Cultural and Religious, Files 351-362 Matzoth, Files 416-420. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921 – 1932, Files 30-31.

File 91: Administration, Committees, Committee on Cultural Activities, 1939

Minutes of Meetings: 1939: 1/30, 4/26, 11/8.Table of JDC expenditures for cultural purposes in 1938 ($228,988), 6/7/39. Cyrus Adler recommended designation of Rabbi Leo Jung as Committee Vice-Chairman to preside at meetings during his own absences for illness, 6/7/39, Adler to Baerwald. Correspondence: C. Adler, P. Baerwald, D.M. Bressler, H.K. Bressler, H.K. Buchman, J.C. Hyman, L. Jung, J.J. Schwartz, M.C. Troper.The JDC Committee on Cultural Affairs dates back to May 1922. It had six members, two each representing the AJRC, the CRC, and the PRC, the three original constituent committees of the JDC. Dr. Cyrus Adler was the chairman from the inception until his death in April 1940. Rabbi Leo Jung became Chairman in March 1943, but Dr. Adler’s seat on the Committee was kept vacant until after World War II. Note: Rabbi Jung resigned as chairman in 1978, 35 years later, after holding the longest Chairmanship in JDC history. Committee activities varied greatly in intensity over the years, and were shaped by the size of the funds granted it by the Executive Committee JDC campaign collections reached their lowest ebb in 1932 – 1933 and allotments to the Committee sank to $12,000 for 1933. They climbed thereafter, reaching $63,000 in 1938 and $300,000 in 1944. The Committee distributed its funds via the three original constituent Committees of the JDC, by the terms of a formula agreed upon in earlier years. Between 1933 – 1939, Cultural Committee allocations formed but the smaller part of JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious activities. The greater part stemmed directly from the JDC European Office and from other JDC programs. After war broke out in 1939, JDC cultural expenditures were all channeled via the Cultural Committee, and the shift accounted for the pickup in Committee activity and in the great increases in allocations that followed in the war years. The following table presents Committee allocations for the years 1933 – 1944:1933: $12,000.1934: 14,000.1935: 18,000.1936: 31,800.1937: 57,500.1938: $63,000.1939: $120,000.1940: 102,000.1941: 83,000.1942: 107,800.1943: 156,750.1944: 300,000.Total: $1,065,850.Throughout the war years, the major share of the Committee allocations went to Palestine for the support of educational and cultural institutions as well as for groups of refugee rabbis and of former teachers, cantors and community officials from Germany. These allocations were reached by agreement between the three constituent committees of the JDC. In the pre-war years, allocations for Palestine formed a considerably smaller percentage of the whole. For additional materials, see: Cultural and Religious, Files 351-362 Matzoth, Files 416-420. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921 – 1932, Files 30-31.

File 92: Administration, Committees, Committee on Cultural Activities, 1940 - 1941

Minutes of Meetings: 1940: 1/18, 2/22, 4/15, 7/1, 8/19, 9/19, 11/28, 12/26.Minutes of Meetings: 1941: 2/6, 3/27, 5/8.Tables of JDC Cultural Payments for 1939, $320,897, 2/13/40. Death of Cyrus Adler, 4/12/40, and Minutes of Meetings: Cultural Committee, 4/15/40, Executive Committee, 4/15/40. JDC appropriations for Cultural and Religious institutions in 1940 ($702,000), 2/5/41. Also see above: Minutes Administration Committee, File 59, 4/10/40.Correspondence: C. Adler, M. Beckelman, H.K. Buchman, H. Fischel, J.J. Schwartz, E.M.M. Warburg. The JDC Committee on Cultural Affairs dates back to May 1922. It had six members, two each representing the AJRC, the CRC, and the PRC, the three original constituent committees of the JDC. Dr. Cyrus Adler was the chairman from the inception until his death in April 1940. Rabbi Leo Jung became Chairman in March 1943, but Dr. Adler’s seat on the Committee was kept vacant until after World War II. Note: Rabbi Jung resigned as chairman in 1978, 35 years later, after holding the longest Chairmanship in JDC history. Committee activities varied greatly in intensity over the years, and were shaped by the size of the funds granted it by the Executive Committee JDC campaign collections reached their lowest ebb in 1932 – 1933 and allotments to the Committee sank to $12,000 for 1933. They climbed thereafter, reaching $63,000 in 1938 and $300,000 in 1944. The Committee distributed its funds via the three original constituent Committees of the JDC, by the terms of a formula agreed upon in earlier years. Between 1933 – 1939, Cultural Committee allocations formed but the smaller part of JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious activities. The greater part stemmed directly from the JDC European Office and from other JDC programs. After war broke out in 1939, JDC cultural expenditures were all channeled via the Cultural Committee, and the shift accounted for the pickup in Committee activity and in the great increases in allocations that followed in the war years. The following table presents Committee allocations for the years 1933 – 1944:1933: $12,000.1934: 14,000.1935: 18,000.1936: 31,800.1937: 57,500.1938: $63,000.1939: $120,000.1940: 102,000.1941: 83,000.1942: 107,800.1943: 156,750.1944: 300,000.Total: $1,065,850.Throughout the war years, the major share of the Committee allocations went to Palestine for the support of educational and cultural institutions as well as for groups of refugee rabbis and of former teachers, cantors and community officials from Germany. These allocations were reached by agreement between the three constituent committees of the JDC. In the pre-war years, allocations for Palestine formed a considerably smaller percentage of the whole. For additional materials, see: Cultural and Religious, Files 351-362 Matzoth, Files 416-420. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921 – 1932, Files 30-31.

File 93: Administration, Committees, Committee on Cultural Activities, 1942 - 1944

Minutes of Meetings: 1942: 2/4, 4/28.Minutes of Meetings: 1943: 3/4, 6/24, 9/9, 10/19, 12/14.Minutes of Meetings: 1944: 2/16, 3/16, 4/19, 5/17, 6/6, 10/13, 11/30.Tables: JDC appropriations for Cultural and Religious institutions in 1941 ($83,000) 2/4/42; in 1942 ($107,800), 3/19/43; and in 1943 ($165,656), 1/25/44. Cultural Appropriations by the JDC New York, 1933 – 1941. Institutions in Palestine Receiving JDC Financial Assistance 1942 – 1944, 10/10/44.Correspondence: H.K. Buchman, J.C. Hyman, B. Kahn, L. Jung, J. Rosenheim. The JDC Committee on Cultural Affairs dates back to May 1922. It had six members, two each representing the AJRC, the CRC, and the PRC, the three original constituent committees of the JDC. Dr. Cyrus Adler was the chairman from the inception until his death in April 1940. Rabbi Leo Jung became Chairman in March 1943, but Dr. Adler’s seat on the Committee was kept vacant until after World War II. Note: Rabbi Jung resigned as chairman in 1978, 35 years later, after holding the longest Chairmanship in JDC history. Committee activities varied greatly in intensity over the years, and were shaped by the size of the funds granted it by the Executive Committee JDC campaign collections reached their lowest ebb in 1932 – 1933 and allotments to the Committee sank to $12,000 for 1933. They climbed thereafter, reaching $63,000 in 1938 and $300,000 in 1944. The Committee distributed its funds via the three original constituent Committees of the JDC, by the terms of a formula agreed upon in earlier years. Between 1933 – 1939, Cultural Committee allocations formed but the smaller part of JDC expenditures for Cultural and Religious activities. The greater part stemmed directly from the JDC European Office and from other JDC programs. After war broke out in 1939, JDC cultural expenditures were all channeled via the Cultural Committee, and the shift accounted for the pickup in Committee activity and in the great increases in allocations that followed in the war years. The following table presents Committee allocations for the years 1933 – 1944:1933: $12,000.1934: 14,000.1935: 18,000.1936: 31,800.1937: 57,500.1938: $63,000.1939: $120,000.1940: 102,000.1941: 83,000.1942: 107,800.1943: 156,750.1944: 300,000.Total: $1,065,850.Throughout the war years, the major share of the Committee allocations went to Palestine for the support of educational and cultural institutions as well as for groups of refugee rabbis and of former teachers, cantors and community officials from Germany. These allocations were reached by agreement between the three constituent committees of the JDC. In the pre-war years, allocations for Palestine formed a considerably smaller percentage of the whole. For additional materials, see: Cultural and Religious, Files 351-362 Matzoth, Files 416-420. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921 – 1932, Files 30-31.

File 94: Administration, Committees, Emigration Committee, 1941

The Committee was created in March 1941 to deal informally with migration problems and most notably those linked with the JDC Transmigration Bureau which was set up in June 1940. Alfred Jaretzki Jr. served as chairman. Migration difficulties piled up as the war advanced in 1941 and the activities of the Transmigration Bureau underwent a corresponding shrinkage. The U.S. entry into the war in December 1941 rang down the curtain on emigration activities overseas, and the Emigration Committee lapsed into inactivity until the war ended. Five memos on the status of emigration activities by M.A. Leavitt, 8/4/41 – 10/2/41, Minutes of Committee meetings: 4/18/41, 5/20/41, 6/27/41, 12/17/41.

File 95: Administration, Committees, Finance Committee, 1933, 1937, 1939 - 1940

A number of short-lived Finance Committees saw service in the 1930’s, but the Committee began to play an active role only in the autumn of 1939, following the outbreak of W.W. II. The Committee consisted of 15 members, 5 serving ex-officio; Harold F. Linder acted as Chairman. In 1940, the Committee began to hold joint meetings with the Budget and Scope Committee, one of the key JDC committees, since the membership of the two committees had grown virtually identical. In 1941, the two committees were merged and adopted the name Budget and Finance Committee; H.F. Linder served as Chairman until he entered the armed forces following Pearl Harbor. For materials on the Budget and Finance Committee, see above: Files 73-74.Minutes of Meetings, and Summaries of Discussion 3/22/40, 4/9/40, 4/18/40, 5/1/40, 5/14/40, 5/17/40

File 96: Administration, Committees, Committee on Health, Nutrition and Medical Services, 1944

The Committee on Health was established in the autumn of 1944 and patterned itself on a similar JDC Committee that was organized decades earlier. The Committee was envisioned as a source of guidance to the JDC in coping with post-war health programs. Eleven members made up the Committee at the outset and most were notable practitioners in their respective fields. Dr. J.J. Golub served as Chairman.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, L.I. Dublin, J.J. Golub, J.C. Hyman.

File 97: Administration, Committees, Miscellaneous

A. Committees.1. Chairman’s Conference Committee, 1939.2. Committee on JDC Annual Meeting and National Campaign Conference, 1936.3. Legal Committee, 1941, 1944.B. Sub-Committees (1933 – 1943).1. To consider proposals submitted to Executive Committee, 1933.2. To collect materials for presentation to Allocations Committee, 1934.3. To consider the future status of the JDC in the Palestine Economic Corporation (PEC), 1936 – 1937. The sub-Committee of 7 members was created in June 1936 to consider the future status of the JDC in the PEC. At stake were proposals for the capital readjustment of the PEC and the effect on the JDC. The Committee completed its task in 1937.Minutes of Meeting: 7/30/36.Memos and Reports: 6/19/36, 7/30/36, 8/6/36, 2/9/37, 2/25/37, 3/3/37, 11/10/37.Also see: Palestine, Files 771-773.4. To consider geographical distribution of the Board of Directors, 1939 and 1940.5. To consider a plan for JDC membership, 1943.

File 98: Administration, Committees, Committee on Organization

Correspondence, memos, minutes of meetings, addenda. The Committee was organized in October 1939 to deal with matters of policy and with the functioning of JDC Committees and their personnel. It consisted of six members and James M. Becker was the first chairman. In March 1941, it was reorganized into an informal committee on organization, and the six members were persons who were “constantly active and in close touch with the office.” Meetings were held at weekly intervals and subsequently, it became a standing committee.

File 99: Administration, Committees, Committee on Palestine

The JDC Committee on Palestine, consisting of 7 members (Chairman: S. Lowenstein), was formed in January 1940, and it functioned until his death in January 1942. It should not be confused with the JDC Advisory Committee in Palestine, (Chairman: J.L. Magnes), whose activities began in 1943; for materials, see: Palestine, File 748.On the Organization of the JDC Committee on Palestine: 9/19/39, 10/25/39, 11/6/39, 11/8/39, 11/16/39, 11/18/39, 12/20/39, 12/29/39, 1/8/40, 1/15/40, 1/17/40.Minutes of the Committee: 1/22/40, 4/9/40, 7/15/40, 9/19/40, 10/14/40.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, B. Kahn, J.L. Magnes, E.A. Norman, E.M.M. Warburg.

File 100: Administration, Committees, Committee on Personnel, 1940 - 1942

Chairman, 1940: H.R.L. Goldstein; 1941-1942: A.A. Landesco. Negotiations between JDC and its employees union, United Office and Progressional Workers of America, 11/25/41-3/18/42.

File 101: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1936

Minutes of Meetings: 2/23/36, Cincinnati 6/18/36, NYC 10/25/36, Chicago. The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also availabe), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 102: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1937 January - February

Minutes of Meetings: 2/7/37, Pittsburgh (3 copies).The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also availabe), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 103: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1937 May - June

Minutes of Meetings: 6/27/37, NYC. The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also availabe), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 104: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1937 November - 1938 February

Minutes of Meetings: 1/23/38, St. Louis. The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also availabe), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 105: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1938 May - October

Minutes of Meetings: 9/18/38, NYC. The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also availabe), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 106: Administration, Committees, P and S Committee, 1938 October - December

Minutes of Meetings: 11/13/38, NYC. The Committee was organized in January 1936 to cooperate with the officers of the JDC fund-raising campaigns, and to aid in guiding and shaping the general policies and procedures of those campaigns. The Committee took its official title from the campaign year in question, e.g., P and S Committee of the JDC Campaign for 1936, and it ranked among the basic JDC Committees The membership consisted of some 40 national Jewish leaders drawn from the country over. In 1939, the JDC joined forces with the United Palestine Appeal (UPA) and the National Refugee Service (NRS) to forge the United Jewish Appeal (UJA). The UJA shouldered responsibility thereafter for JDC fund-raising, and the P and S Committee went out of existence. The Committee held three meetings in 1936 and two each in 1937 and 1938. Minutes of those meetings (some transcripts are also available), and a range of reports by JDC officers and campaign officials together with correspondence and addenda, are contained in the appropriate files below.

File 107: Administration, Committees, Committee on Policy

Correspondence, memos, reports, minutes of meetings, addenda. Minutes of Meetings: 10/6/38,* 1/23/40,* 8/5/40.The Committee was in fact a series of three committees serving under the same name. The first was appointed in 1938, James N. Rosenberg, Chairman, to recommend a successor to Dr. B. Kahn as the Chairman of EUREXCO. The Committee noted that Dr. Kahn was scheduled to join JDC New York to advise on developments in Europe, and it nominated Morris L. Troper to succeed him as the new EUREXCO Chairman. The Executive Committee approved the recommendation. In January 1940, the Committee was reorganized. Membership consisted of the Chairmen of the various JDC sub-committees, and it was now charged with framing priorities in JDC programs for the year 1940. A second reorganization followed in July 1940 and a committee consisting of JDC officers and leading personalities was invited to select the areas of its functional interests. The Committee held weekly luncheon meetings throughout the second half of 1940.

File 108: Administration, Committees, Committee on Publicity, 1936 - 1940

Minutes of Meetings: 6/1/36, 8/3/36, 9/30/36, 2/23/37, 3/2/37, 11/24/37, 12/5/38, 1/25/39.The Committee was reorganized and reduced in size, 3/10/39 Belth-Hyman and 5/16/39 Belth-Hecht. A sketch of the Comm’s history and discussions of problems 9/3/40 Coons-Hyman, 9/17/40 Hyman-Coons. The Committee on Publicity, also called at times the Committee on Public Relations or the Committee on Public Information, was created early in 1936 and continued into the postwar period. Its activities varied widely with the years, peaking when the JDC engaged in direct fundraising, and ebbing when fund-raising was conducted jointly with the UPA or the UJA. In the former instances, the JDC Publicity Department engaged in providing fund-raising as well as organizational publicity, while in the latter cases it provided only organizational publicity. Wm. Rosenwald, the first Committee Chairman, was succeeded by George Backer in December 1936, and by Al Paul Lifton in April 1942.

File 109: Administration, Committees, Committee on Publicity, 1941 - 1946

Program of action for publicity, 3/11/41 Lifton JDC. Plans for revitalizing the publicity program, 4/1/41, 4/21/41, Weisman-Hyman. Summary of the public relations meeting of 5/23/41, 5/29/41 Weisman-Warburg, Proposals for public relations activities, 2/19/42 Weisman-Warburg, 3/27/42 Weisman-Hyman. Statement on JDC Public Relations 12/30/43 Popkin – JDC. The Committee on Publicity, also called at times the Committee on Public Relations or the Committee on Public Information, was created early in 1936 and continued into the postwar period. Its activities varied widely with the years, peaking when the JDC engaged in direct fundraising, and ebbing when fund-raising was conducted jointly with the UPA or the UJA. In the former instances, the JDC Publicity Department engaged in providing fund-raising as well as organizational publicity, while in the latter cases it provided only organizational publicity. Wm. Rosenwald, the first Committee Chairman, was succeeded by George Backer in December 1936, and by Al Paul Lifton in April 1942.

File 110: Administration, Committees, Committee on Reconstruction Activity

The Committee was appointed in November 1940 by the JDC following the wartime blocking of the funds of the Reconstruction Foundation by the British Treasury. The Committee conducted the ongoing activities of the Foundation, viz, loan kassas in Latin American lands, and it consisted of the six American members of the Foundation’s Council (Chairman: A.A. Landesco). L. Oungre, the ICA General Manager was accepted as the de facto representative of that body. N. Aronovici served as a Committee representative in Latin American lands. For the duration of the war, the JDC provided the funds needed. Minutes or memos of meetings: 3/20/41, 4/15/41, 6/15/42, 7/9/42, 7/15/43. The JDC allocated $41,000 for the establishment and operation of four loan kassas: Brazil (2), Chile and Ecuador. Brief summaries of Committee activities, 6/11/42, 7/15/42.

File 111: Administration, Committees, Committee on Refugee Aid in Europe, 1939 - 1940

The Committee was organized in February 1939 (Chairman: E.M.M. Warburg, Secretary: H. Katzki) but meetings were few and mostly informal. The last occurred on 7/12/39.Minutes of Committee meeting 6/12/39. Memos on Jewish refugee status in Europe by H. Katzki: 4/24/39, 5/4/39, 5/17/39, 7/5/39, 8/17/39.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, H. Katzki, E.M.M. Warburg.

File 112: Administration, Committees, Committee on Refugee Aid in Central and South America, 1939

Minutes of meetings: 3/24/39, 4/6/39, 4/13/39, 5/2/39, 5/19/39, 6/15/39, 7/18/39, 9/19/39, 10/3/39, 11/3/39, 12/19/39.Status reports on refugees in Latin America, attached to the agenda of meetings dated 4/13/39, 9/19/39, 12/19/39. Review of Committee activities 4/13/39-5/22/39, undated. Reports on Jewish communities in Latin America by F. Borchardt and D. Glick: Trinidad 3/27/39 attachment to 3/28/39, Colombia 4/11/39, Venezuela 4/11/39, Ecuador 4/20/39, Peru 5/6/39, Bolivia 5/13/39, Chile 5/15/39 attachment to memo 5/31/39, Uruguay 5/22/39 attachment to memo 5/31/39, Argentina 6/10/39, Paraguay 6/12/39, Trinidad (supplementary) 6/27/39, Rio de Janeiro 6/27/39, Sao Paulo 6/28/39, Jewish Refugee Problems in Central and South America 7/20/39 attachment to 7/18/39.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, H.J. Bernheim, F.W. Borchardt, J.C. Hyman, A. Jaretski Jr., E.M. Morrissey, R. Pilpel. The Committee was formed in February 1939 following a surge in overseas migration to Central and South America. Thereafter, the pace of emigration continued until Pearl Harbor when it came to a virtual standstill for the duration of the war. As a result, the focus of JDC support in South America shifted from emigration activities to relief, rehabilitation and resettlement.Direct JDC allocations began in 1936 ($5,000), reached their peak in 1941 ($268,700), and receded to $217,000 by 1944. In addition, the JDC was a major contributor to the Refugee Economic Corporation (REC) and to HICEM which also conducted large-scale undertakings and activities in South America for the benefit of refugees.Alfred Jaretski Jr. served as the Committee Chairman from the outset until the beginning of 1942, and was succeeded by Isaac H. Levy. Robert Pilpel served as Committee Secretary from the outset until June 1944, and was succeeded by Harry Biele. The Committee took the name of the Latin American Committee in 1944. For additional materials on JDC activities in Latin America, see: Files 110, 115, 1,059-1,063, and the individual countries in South America.

File 113: Administration, Committees, Committee on Refugee Aid in Central and South America, 1940 - 1941

Minutes of Meetings: 3/5/40(2), 3/15/40, 4/18/40, 5/17/40, 7/9/40, 4/25/41, 11/24/41. Minutes of Reconstruction Committee meetings: 3/20/41 attachment to 4/17/41, 4/15/41.Status reports on refugees in Latin America (those attached to the agenda of meetings are labeled A). 3/5/40(A), 3/15/40(A), 4/18/40(A), 5/17/40(A), 7/9/40(A), 8/6/40 attachment to 8/14/40, 8/8/40, 9/26/40(A), 1/28/41 attachment to 2/19/41, 4/25/41(A), 9/9/41, 9/16/41, 11/24/41(A).Reports on Jewish Communities in Latin America by: F.W. Borchardt: Uruguay 5/16/40; Buenos Aires 5/26/40; Bolivia 6/12/40; Chile 6/13/40, M.D. Goldsmith: Bolivia 1/28/41; Peru 3/1/41; Ecuador 3/4/41; Columbia 3/9/41.Monthly Remittances to committees in Latin America-1941: June-December. Correspondence: N. Aronovici, F.W. Borchardt, A. Jaretzki Jr., B. Kahn, R. Pilpel, J.J. Schwartz. The Committee was formed in February 1939 following a surge in overseas migration to Central and South America. Thereafter, the pace of emigration continued until Pearl Harbor when it came to a virtual standstill for the duration of the war. As a result, the focus of JDC support in South America shifted from emigration activities to relief, rehabilitation and resettlement.Direct JDC allocations began in 1936 ($5,000), reached their peak in 1941 ($268,700), and receded to $217,000 by 1944. In addition, the JDC was a major contributor to the Refugee Economic Corporation (REC) and to HICEM which also conducted large-scale undertakings and activities in South America for the benefit of refugees.Alfred Jaretski Jr. served as the Committee Chairman from the outset until the beginning of 1942, and was succeeded by Isaac H. Levy. Robert Pilpel served as Committee Secretary from the outset until June 1944, and was succeeded by Harry Biele. The Committee took the name of the Latin American Committee in 1944. For additional materials on JDC activities in Latin America, see: Files 110, 115, 1,059-1,063, and the individual countries in South America.

File 114: Administration, Committees, Committee on Refugee Aid in Central and South America, 1942 - 1944

Minutes or Notes of meetings: 4/16/42, 5/5/42, 7/23/42, 10/23/42, 5/4/43, 6/1/43.Status reports on refugees in Latin America (those attached to the agenda of meetings are labeled (A): 3/26/42, 5/4/42(A), 6/1/43(A), 7/6/43, 8/3/43.Monthly remittances to committees in Latin America: 1942 and 1943, complete; 1944 April missing. Table of JDC contributions to local budgets by country mainly, and not by organizations, 2/25/43.Correspondence: M.A. Leavitt, E.M. Morrissey, R. Pilpel. The Committee was formed in February 1939 following a surge in overseas migration to Central and South America. Thereafter, the pace of emigration continued until Pearl Harbor when it came to a virtual standstill for the duration of the war. As a result, the focus of JDC support in South America shifted from emigration activities to relief, rehabilitation and resettlement. Direct JDC allocations began in 1936 ($5,000), reached their peak in 1941 ($268,700), and receded to $217,000 by 1944. In addition, the JDC was a major contributor to the Refugee Economic Corporation (REC) and to HICEM which also conducted large-scale undertakings and activities in South America for the benefit of refugees. Alfred Jaretski Jr. served as the Committee Chairman from the outset until the beginning of 1942, and was succeeded by Isaac H. Levy. Robert Pilpel served as Committee Secretary from the outset until June 1944, and was succeeded by Harry Biele. The Committee took the name of the Latin American Committee in 1944. For additional materials on JDC activities in Latin America, see: Files 110, 115, 1,059-1,063, and the individual countries in South America.

File 115: Administration, Committees, Informal South American Coordinating Committee, 1940 - 1941

The Committee was organized in October 1940 to serve as a clearing house for organizations interested in Jewish problems in Latin America. Eight organizations were invited to participate and the Committee membership consisted of their representatives, the JDC among them. At meetings, Jacob Blaustein usually acted informally as Chairman while R. Pilpel served as Secretary. The Committee was active for about a year. Correspondence, memos, reports, addenda. Minutes of meetings: 12/18/40, 1/3/41, 1/14/41, 1/22/41, 2/6/41, 2/17/41, 2/24/41, 3/3/41, 6/25/41, 9/17/41, 10/8/41.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, J. Blaustein, M.D. Goldsmith, J.C. Hyman, A. Jaretzki Jr., J. Landau, R. Pilpel.

File 116: Administration, Committees, Emergency Committee on Jewish Refugees, 1935 - 1938

The Emergency Committee on Jewish Refugees was organized in 1924 (Chairman: D. Bressler) to deal with refugees stranded in various countries. Between 1924-1932, JDC allocations reached $140,000, in all. Activity slowed to a standstill thereafter but came to life again in the mid-1930’s, under the impact of refugee migration from Germany. The Committee became the forerunner of the more specialized refugee aid Committees organized in 1939, those for Europe and for Central and South America. For earlier materials, see: Archives 1921-1932, Files 29m, 41.

File 117: Administration, Committees, JDC Advisory and Consultative Group, 1943 - 1945

Minutes of Group Meetings or of its Executive Committee (Ex): 3/2/44, 3/23/44, 4/19/44 (Ex), 6/6/44, 10/16/44 (Ex). Minutes of Sub-Committee on Reconstruction, 7/20/44. Correspondence: N. Aronovici, P. Baerwald, S. Eichenstein, J.C. Hyman, R. Szereszowski, M.M. Warburg, S.S. Wise. The JDC formed the group early in 1944 to consult with it on plans for coping with the expected needs of the ravaged Jewish communities in Europe during the first post-war years. Jewish leaders from twelve national communities who were then residing in the U.S. were invited to organize individual national groups, and collectively they formed the Group. Max M. Warburg served as Chairman. On 3/2/44, the Group held its first meeting and it was attended by the 12 group chairmen representing Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Switzerland and Yugoslavia. The final Group meeting was held on 5/14/45. The groups representing Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland submitted final memoranda and recommendations. In the files below, File 117 deals with the activities of the Group as a whole, and File 118 with the activities of the twelve individual groups.

File 118: Administration, Committees, JDC Advisory and Consultative Group, 1944-1945; 1947

Memos and recommendations by the following national groups: Austria, undated; Czechoslovakia, February 1945; Hungary, 11/15/44; Poland, January 1945.The JDC formed the group early in 1944 to consult with it on plans for coping with the expected needs of the ravaged Jewish communities in Europe during the first post-war years. Jewish leaders from twelve national communities who were then residing in the U.S. were invited to organize individual national groups, and collectively they formed the Group. Max M. Warburg served as Chairman. On 3/2/44, the Group held its first meeting and it was attended by the 12 group chairmen representing Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Switzerland and Yugoslavia. The final Group meeting was held on 5/14/45. The groups representing Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland submitted final memoranda and recommendations. In the files below, File 117 deals with the activities of the Group as a whole, and File 118 with the activities of the twelve individual groups.

Series 3: Meetings and Conferences

For Special and National Conferences, See Files 39-45. Between 1933 – 1944, the JDC held a series of special meetings and conferences, at irregular intervals, as emergency needs erupted on refugee aid and its problems in the main. In addition, it held two National Conferences of its leaders the country over, in 1935 and 1936, so as to weigh emergency problems and needs for relief and rehabilitation confronting the Jews of Germany and Poland most notably.

For Regional Conferences, see Files 46-57. In January 1936, the JDC appointed a Plan and Scope Committee to aid in devising the most effective methods of fund-raising to meet JDC needs. The Committee drew its membership from all the large cities and important sections of the country. Later in the year, the Committee endorsed a program of regional organization based on the principle of the decentralization of leadership and responsibility, as urged by Harold Hirsch, a communal leader of Atlanta. A pilot project, a Middle Atlantic States Regional Conference, was launched in Philadelphia on 11/21/37.In 1938, seven regions were established and functioned actively: Middle Atlantic, Southwestern, Ohio, Indiana-Kentucky, New York-Eastern Canada and Southern. In 1939, an eighth region, New England, and a ninth, South Central, were added. In each region, besides the regional conference, local, sub-regional and state-wide meetings were also held as opportunity offered.

After Pearl Harbor, Regional Conferences all but came to a standstill owing to wartime shortages and transportation difficulties. Thereafter, activities focused on smaller geographical units – individual cities and towns as well as zones and subregional groupings. Meetings also stressed JDC education and information above all. In mid-1945, the JDC proceeded to reorganize the regional system by dividing the country into seven regions, exclusive of New York City. The JDC Depart. of Community Service and Education was authorized to make the arrangements essential to establishing those regions and it worked thereafter in close cooperation with them. The North-East Region was organized in October 1945, the East Central in November, the South-East in January 1946, the Middle Atlantic in April, the West Central in June, and the South-West and the Western in November. Each region had its own JDC field representative, and the stress of activities fell on education, information and organization. At the close of 1950, the JDC suspended the regional organization program. For addresses to Regional Conferences by J.C. Hyman, see below: Files 126-128.

File 37: Administration, Meetings of JDC Officers, 1937 - 1939

In 1937 and most notably in 1938, the JDC officers met at weekly or fortnightly intervals to cope with emergency problems. The tenor, tone and objectives of the meetings were summarized best in a letter by E.M. Morrissey to J.C. Hyman, 7/15/37: “.Jewish tsuris are always with us. Last week we began once again the famous series of weekly meetings of the officers. These are now scheduled for Thursday afternoons at 3:30, and all the officers have been asked to attend, as well as several members of the Executive Committee We shall see how it works. There is much difference of opinion among the officers on most subjects. The first meeting held last Thursday was unusually long and the air was charged with mixed feelings, (mildly put!) but I still think that once we get started, we can limit the discussion to only important matters, exchange ideas and come to fairly quick decisions.” Following the early months of 1939, meetings began to be held at monthly intervals and were bridged by a series of informal special meetings that treated a range of problems. Selected committee chairmen and other leaders began to participate with the officers and these meetings ran throughout 1940 and 1941. Records of the meetings 1939 – 1941 vary widely in kind, ranging from minutes in the majority of instances or transcripts all the way to summaries and notes of discussion in the others.Minutes of Meetings 1937: 6/17, 7/8, 7/29, 8/26, 9/9, 9/30, 11/4, 11/11.Minutes of Meetings 1938: 3/26, 4/12, 4/26, 5/3, 5/10, 5/17, 6/7, 6/14, 7/7, 7/14, 7/21, 8/4, 8/11, 8/18, 8/25, 9/8, 10/13, 10/27, 12/1, 12/12, 12/15, 12/22, 12/29.Minutes of Meetings 1939: 1/5, 1/12, 2/2, 2/8, 3/1, 3/8, 3/15, 3/31, 4/26, 6/26, 7/31, 8/17, 9/17

File 38: Administration, Meetings of JDC Officers, 1939 - 1941

In 1937 and most notably in 1938, the JDC officers met at weekly or fortnightly intervals to cope with emergency problems. The tenor, tone and objectives of the meetings were summarized best in a letter by E.M. Morrissey to J.C. Hyman, 7/15/37: “.Jewish tsuris are always with us. Last week we began once again the famous series of weekly meetings of the officers. These are now scheduled for Thursday afternoons at 3:30, and all the officers have been asked to attend, as well as several members of the Executive Committee We shall see how it works. There is much difference of opinion among the officers on most subjects. The first meeting held last Thursday was unusually long and the air was charged with mixed feelings, (mildly put!) but I still think that once we get started, we can limit the discussion to only important matters, exchange ideas and come to fairly quick decisions.” Following the early months of 1939, meetings began to be held at monthly intervals and were bridged by a series of informal special meetings that treated a range of problems. Selected committee chairmen and other leaders began to participate with the officers and these meetings ran throughout 1940 and 1941. Records of the meetings 1939 – 1941 vary widely in kind, ranging from minutes in the majority of instances or transcripts all the way to summaries and notes of discussion in the others. Minutes, summaries, transcripts, correspondence, memos and addenda. Minutes or summaries of meetings (The Minutes are designated by an asterisk.) 1939: 3/10, 3/24, 4/7, 4/8,* 5/1, 5/2, 5/15, 5/26, 9/1.1940: 1/4, 4/19,* 5/10,* 5/17, 6/10, 7/15.1941: 12/8*

File 39: Administration, Special Meetings, 1933

a. New York, 4/2/33, to weigh problems linked to providing Jews in Germany with aid. Transcript. b. Chicago, 6/4/33, same purpose as above. Transcript.

File 40: Administration, Special Meetings, 1937 - 1939

a. New York, 4/29/37, to hear report by Felix Warburg on developments in Palestine, Poland and Germany. Verbatim Minutes 4/29/37. b. Cincinnati, 1/10/38, to hear authoritative statement by Dr. Kahn on Jewish status in Germany, Poland and Romania (Correspondence: 12/24/37 – 1/28/38). c. New York, 2/16/39, to discuss proposals for mass migration from Poland. d. New York, 4/2/39, Emergency Conference on Refugee Problems (Correspondence: 2/27/39 – 4/14/39).

File 41: Administration, Special Meetings, 1941 February

New York, 2/15/41 – 2/16/41, to open the JDC fund-raising campaign for 1941 (correspondence and addenda: 1/30 – 2/24. Letter by President Roosevelt to the JDC, 2/15/41, Photostat).

File 42: Administration, Special Meetings, 1941 February

New York, 2/15/41 – 3/16/41, Congratulatory messages to the JDC National Meeting by communal organizations and leaders.

File 43: Administration, Special Meetings, 1941 November - 1944

New York, 11/29/41, Conference of JDC officers and representatives of Jewish communities in Latin America on refugee aid to Jews overseas (Correspondence: 11/26/41 – 3/13/42). New York, 9/28/44, to present report on Jewish situation in overseas lands by Dr. J.J. Schwartz (Correspondence: 9/21/44 – 10/4/44). New York, 11/22/44, JDC luncheon for Jewish community leaders from abroad who were on a visit to the U.S. (Correspondence: 11/17/44 – 11/24/44).

File 44: Administration, National Conference, Chicago

National Conference, Chicago 12/8/35. A bound transcript of the Proceedings is contained in this file as well as in the Central Files.

File 45: Administration, National Conference, New York

National Conference, New York 12/13/36. Transcript of Proceedings together with correspondence, memos, reports and addenda, 11/2/36 – 1/13/37.

File 46: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1935 - 1937

Report on Proposals for a Regional Plan, Establishment of Local Committees and Educational Tour, 10/25/36. Proceedings of the Middle Atlantic States Regional Conference held at Philadelphia, 11/21/37.

File 47: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1938

The following regions held their first regional conferences: Southwestern at Dallas, 3/6/38; Northwestern at Portland, Ore., 3/20/38 (see: speech by P. Baerwald, 4/10/38); New York – Eastern Canada at Syracuse, 4/10/38; Indiana-Kentucky at Indianapolis, 10/2/38; Ohio at Columbus, 10/16/38; and Southern at Atlanta, 10/23/38. The organization and programming of the first regional conferences outlined by I. Coons to H. Hirsch, 4/12/38.

File 48: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1939 January - February

New England Regional Conference held at Boston, 1/29/39. Middle Atlantic Regional Conference at Washington, D.C., Transcript 2/26/39.

File 49: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1939 March - 1940 February

Statement on the Regional Program submitted to the JDC Annual Meeting at Chicago by J.B. Wise, 12/2/39 – 12/3/39. Report of meeting to discuss Regional Budget and Program for 1940, 1/5/40. List of regional officers in all the regional districts, 2/5/40. Reports on activities of JDC Regional Department by J.L. Levy, 7/1/39 – 5/31/40. Regional Conferences held by: Southwestern at Houston, 3/12/39; New York – E. Canada at Rochester, 4/16/39; Southern at Birmingham, 1/14/40; Southwestern at Tulsa, 2/11/40; New England at Worcester, 2/25/40.

File 50: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1940 March - December

Regional Conferences held by: Midwestern at St. Louis, 3/31/40; New York – E. Canada, 4/7/40; Ohio at Columbus, 4/21/40; Middle Atlantic at Wilmington, 10/6/40. Reports of activities of the JDC Regional Department by J.L. Levy: 6/14/40, 1/1/40 – 12/1/40, 12/19/40.

File 51: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1941 - 1942

Regional Conferences held by: New York – E. Canada at Syracuse, N.Y. 4/6/41; West Central States at Omaha, Neb., 10/25/41 – 10/26/41. Warburg and Hyman embark on a cross-country speaking tour for campaign purposes, visiting ten major cities, 10/4/41 – 10/27/41. Status account of the first part of the tour, Hyman to Leavitt 10/13/41. For other materials on the tour see: correspondence, 9/29/41 and 10/6/41 – 10/25-26/41. A critique of the system of national regional organization, Weisman to Hyman, 5/4/42.

File 52: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1943 - 1945 March

(Except Chicago, April 1-2, 1944). Regional Conferences held by: New England at Boston, 9/24/44; Southern at Atlanta, 1/14/45. For Midwest Conferences at Chicago, 4/1-2/44, see: File 53.

File 53: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, Chicago, 1944

Midwest Conference at Chicago, 4/1-2/44: correspondence, memos, addenda and transcript of the proceedings

File 54: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1945 April - 1946 June

Regional Conferences held by: Northeastern at Hartford, Conn., 10/7/45; East Central at Cleveland, Ohio, 11/11/45; Southeastern at Birmingham, Ala., 1/5/46 – 1/6/46; Middle Atlantic at Wilmington, Del., 4/14/46; West Central at Chicago, 6/2/46. Memos: J.C. Hyman “Re JDC in Communities Visited Recently”, 4/20/45; B.B. Goldman “JDC-UJA Cooperation on Planning for Meetings”, 1/14/46.

File 55: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1946 July - 1947 June

Annual and other Regional Conferences were held by: East Central Region at Detroit, 9/14/46-9/15/46; Northeastern at Albany, 10/20/46; Southwestern at Houston, 11/2/46-11/3/46; Western at San Francisco, 11/9/46-11/10/46; East Central at Cleveland, 3/1/47; West Central at Chicago, 4/26/47-4/27/47; Middle Atlantic at Atlantic City, 5/17/47-5/18/47. Summaries of Regional Reports: Southwestern 11/3/46, Western 11/10/46.

File 56: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1947 July - 1948 May

Annual Regional Conferences were held by: East Central Region at Pittsburgh, 9/27/47-9/28/47; Western at Los Angeles, 11/1/47-11/2/47; Southwestern at Dallas, 11/8/47-11/9/47; Southeastern at Atlanta, 2/15/48-2/16/48. Brief status reports on fund-raising in Canada, 11/19/47, 2/17/48 and Latin America, 11/19/47.

File 57: Administration, JDC Regional Conferences, 1948 June - 1950

Annual Regional Conferences were held by: Northeastern at New York City 6/15/48; Middle Atlantic at Asbury Park, 6/5/48-6/6/48; East Central at Cincinnati, 9/11/48-9/12/48; Southwestern at Houston, 9/25/48; Western at San Francisco, 9/25/48-9/26/48; Southeastern at Jacksonville, Fla., 2/5/49-2/6/49; East Central at Indianapolis, Ind., 11/6/49; Western at Los Angeles, 11/12/49-11/13/49; West Central at Chicago, 11/11/50-11/12/50; Southeastern at Miami, Fla., 11/4/50-11/5/50. The JDC suspended the Regional programs 11/14/50.

Series 4: Administration, Financial

JDC Appropriations. 1933: $655,427. 1934: 1,381,763. 1935: 983,343. 1936: 1,914,325. 1937: $2,883,853. 1938: 3,799,378. 1939: 8,861,734. 1940: 6,339,600. 1941: $5,694,100. 1942: 7,257,330. 1943: 10,453,052. 1944: 20,011,971. Total: $70,235,876

File 119: Administration, Financial, General, 1939-1944

Correspondence, memos, financial reports, addenda. Beneficiary organizations were notified that allocations for running programs must be cut because JDC income in 1940 was expected to suffer a substantial drop, 2/14/40, 2/15/40, 5/1/40-6/8/40, 6/18/40-8/12/40, 9/13/40, 9/19/40. Beneficiaries were notified that JDC month-to-month allocations imposed no obligation to continue them beyond the authorized period, 3/8/41, 3/20/41, 4/22/41. Beneficiaries were notified that if communications with the JDC were cut by hostilities, they were authorized to raise funds for local needs equivalent to the budget of the preceding six months, and the JDC would reimburse them when communications were restored, 12/12/41-1/2/42. Table of JDC appropriations 1933-1941 by years, 1/29/42. The JDC set aside securities to meet authorized obligations incurred by beneficiary organizations in Nazi occupied Europe, 7/8/43, 3/31/44, 5/15/44. Weiler-Simon Account to aid refugee migration from Germany to Palestine, 10/13/43. Tables of Statements of Appropriations, Payments and Unpaid Balances 1939-1944, by years. For additional materials, see below: Files 68-74, 95.

File 120: Administration, Financial, JDC Bank Signatures and Resolutions, 1933-1944

Correspondence, memos, banking resolutions, addenda.

Series 5: Administration, Personnel

Data on JDC officers, members of JDC Committees and Special Committees, special JDC representatives, persons closely linked with JDC activities and JDC staff members and employees.

File 121: Administration, Personnel, General, 1933-1948

For negotiations between the JDC and its employees union the United Office and Professional Workers of America 1941-1942, see: 1/28/42 below and Committee on Personnel, File 100. For data on American and local employees overseas, see: EUREXCO, File 187.

File 122: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, A

Adler, Cyrus***.A JDC Founder, 1914.Chairman Cultural Committee 1922-1940. President Jewish Theological Seminary, 1915-1940. Aronovici, Noel. Overseas Staff, 1919-1956. JDC Foundation, Secretary General, 1928-1940 Vice-Managing Director, 1939-1940

File 123: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, B - Gi

B-Gi (except P. Baerwald and M. Beckelman).Becker, James L.***.Acting Europ. Director Gen., 1920.JDC Vice Chairman, 1937-1939, 1944-1970. Chairman, Nat. Council, 1940-1943, 1954-1959. Bein, Wm.Overseas Staff, 1921-1954. EUREXCO, 1921-1940.DORSA, 1940-1945. Belth, Nathan C. JDC Publicity, 1935-1940. Biele, Harry D. Staff Member, 1944-1947. Committee Secy: Latin America, 1944-1945 Agro Joint, 1944-1945.Deputy Director Germany, 1945-1947.Borchardt, Frederick W.JDC Representative who conducted refugee fact-finding missions to S. America, 1936-1940. Bressler, David M.**. JDC Vice Chairman, 1937-1942.Chairman Budget and Scope Committee, 1933-1940.Buchman, Henriette K.Staff Member, 1934-1962.Committee Secy: Cultural and Religious, 1937-1962 Poland and E. Europe, 1941-1943.Cantor, Lillian. Staff Member, 1921-1971.Cohen, Seymour S.JDC Publicity Director, 1944-1945.Coons, Isidor. Director Fund-Raising, 1930-1949.Executive Vice Chairman UJA, 1939-1949.Fishzohn, Arthur A.Overseas Staff, 1944-1946.JDC Representative: Turkey, 1944-1945 Bulgaria, 1946.Giterman, Isaac.JDC Poland Staff Member, 1919-1943. Director JDC Poland, 1939-1943.also see below: EUREXCO File 172, 9/12/39-12/20/39

File 123a: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Baerwald, Paul

Baerwald, Paul***. JDC Treasurer, 1920-1931, 1946-1947. JDC Chairman, 1932-1941, 1943-1945. Honorary Chairman, 1941-1943, 1946-1961

File 123b: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Beckelman, Moses W.

Beckelman, Moses W.Overseas Staff, 1939-1942, 1946-1955. JDC Representative: Lithuania, 1939-1941 Latin American, 1941-1942. Assistant to Chairman EUREXCO, 1946-1950.Director-General Overseas Operations, 1951-1955

File 124: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Gl - H

Gl-H (except J.C. Hyman). Glassgold, Adolph A.JDC Representative Shanghai, 1948-1951. Greenleigh, Arthur.Overseas Staff, 1944-1946. Guzik, David.JDC Poland Staff Member, 1920-1946.Also served as Comptroller and Country Director. Hexter, Maurice B. President Agro Joint, 1943-1952. Chairman of Board or President DORSA, 1948-1982

File 125: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Hyman, Joseph C., General

Hyman, Joseph C. JDC Secretary, 1925-1939.JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1940-1946. JDC Vice Chairman, 1947-1949

File 126: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Hyman, Joseph C., Speeches to non-JDC Groups, 1933 - 1940

Hyman, Joseph C. JDC Secretary, 1925-1939. JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1940-1946. JDC Vice Chairman, 1947-1949

File 127: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Hyman, Joseph C., Speeches to non-JDC Groups, 1941-1942

Hyman, Joseph C. JDC Secretary, 1925-1939. JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1940-1946. JDC Vice Chairman, 1947-1949

File 128: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Hyman, Joseph C., Speeches to non-JDC Groups, 1943-1946

Hyman, Joseph C. JDC Secretary, 1925-1939.JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1940-1946. JDC Vice Chairman, 1947-1949

File 129: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, I - J

I-J (except Laura Margolis Jarblum). Ittelson, Henry*. JDC Executive Committee, 1940-1942. JDC Board of Directors, 1939-1942. Jacobson, S. Bertrand. Staff Member, 1936-1938, 1940-1942, 1945-1947. JDC Representative: S.E. Europe, 1940-1942 Romania and Hungary, 1945-1947. Jaretzki, Alfred Jr.JDC Vice-Chairman, 1941-1942, 1944-1946. Chairman S. America Committee, 1939-1942. Jordan, Charles H.JDC Representative: Caribbean, 1941-1943 Far East, 1945-1947. Director General Overseas Oper., 1956-1967. JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1966-1967. Jung, Leo.Chairman Cultural and Religious Committee, 1943-1978

File 130: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Jarblum, Laura Margolis

Jarblum, Laura Margolis.Overseas Staff, 1939-1956, 1958-1974.JDC Representative: Cuba, 1939-1941 Shanghai, 1941-1943 Sweden, 1944 (October-December) Belgium, 1945-1946 France, 1946-1953. Staff Member, JDC Malben, 1954-1956, 1958-1974

File 131: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, K

K (except Bernhard Kahn).Kahn, Alexander.A JDC Founder, 1914. Vice Chairman, 1937-1961. Kandel, Bernice.Publicity Department, 1944. Katz, Alfred H.Statistics Department, 1937-1938. Katz, Nathan. EUREXCO Secretary-General, 1937-1939. Katzki, Herbert. Executive Staff, 1936-1979. EUREXCO Secretary, 1939-1944. Assistant Director General, 1951-1964. Deputy Director General, 1965-1967. Assistant and Associate Executive Vice Chairman, 1968-1979.Kessler, Mordechai. Overseas Staff, 1943-1945. Kleiman, Joseph. Cuba, Joint Religious Committee, 1939-1940

File 132: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Kahn, Bernhard

Kahn, Bernhard.EUREXCO: Vice Chairman, 1922-1924 Chairman, 1924-1938. JDC Foundation Managing Director, 1924-1939. JDC Vice Chairman, 1950-1955

File 133: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, L

L (except M.A. Leavitt). Landesco, Alexander A.***. Director Reconstruction Department Europe, 1921-1922. Personnel Committee Chairman, 1941-1942. JDC Treasurer, 1942-1944 Comptroller, 1945, 1965. Lehrer, Albert.Staff Member, N.Y., 1920-1932.Liebman, Charles J.JDC Representative in Europe, 1933-1934.REC Chairman, 1934-1950.Lightman, J.B.JDC Executive Staff, 1933-1936. Representative in South America, 1933-1950. Linder, Harold. Chairman Finance and Budget and Scope Committees, 1939-1942.JDC Vice Chairman, 1941-1942, 1944-1946. Lowenstein, Solomon*.Executive Committee, 1919-1941.JDC Vice Chairman, 1939-1941. Luksenberg, Szyje.JDC Warsaw, 1926-1938. Luxemburg, Stephen

File 134: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Leavitt, Moses A.

Leavitt, Moses A.JDC Executive Staff, 1929-1933, 1940-1965. JDC Secretary, 1940-1946, 1948-1965. JDC Executive Vice Chairman, 1947-1965

File 135: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, M-N

M-N.Magnes, Judah Leon ***. JDC Advisory Committee in Palestine, Chairman, 1943-1944. Manson, Dorothy. JDC Paris, 1939-1942. Margolis, Esther. Cuba Joint Relief Committee, 1939-1940. Margolis, Laura.See: Jarblum, Laura H. Marshall, James*. Executive Committee, 1929-1944.Board of Directors, 1931-1944.ASJFS Subscriber. Morrissey, Evelyn M. Also see: Archives, 1921-1932, Files 537, 538, Executive Staff, 1915-1961 Assistant Treasurer, 1939-1970. Natanson, George.N.Y. Staff, 1933

File 136: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, P

P.Passman, Charles. Executive Staff Near East and Palestine, 1943-1958. Peiser, Kurt.JDC Representative: N. Africa, Italy, 1943-1944.Perlman, Max. JDC Representative: N. Africa, Italy, 1943-1944.Pilpel, Robert. Executive Staff, 1939-1952. Secy: Agro Joint, 1940-1944, 1948-1952 Latin American Committee, 1939-1944. JDC Lisbon, 1944-1945. Executive Assistant. N.Y., 1946-1952. Pinsky, Gertrude D. Executive Staff Uruguay and Europe, 1944-1946. Platt, Louis J. Field Representative, 1936-1938. Popkin, Louis. Publicity Department, 1932-1935. Popkin, Zelda F.Publicity Director, 1943-1944

File 137: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, R

Rabinoff, Rose M. Cuba Joint Relief Committee, 1941-1943. Reich, Nathan. Director Research Department N.Y., 1944-1948. Resnick, Reuben. Overseas Staff, 1943-1946 Representative Near East, Portugal and Italy, 1944-1946. Reyher, Rebeccah M.DORSA Executive Secretary, 1940-1943.Rojek, Ruth M.JDC N.Y., 1938-1943. Rosen, Emanuel.Overseas Staff, 1939-1942, 1947-1954. Rosen, Irwin. JDC Staff, 1939-1941, 1942-1948.Rosen, Joseph A.*. For materials see: Archives 1921-1932, File 52a DORSA Archives, File 4.Overseas Staff, 1921-1942. Agro Joint: Director, 1924-1942. Agro-Joint: President, 1927-1938. DORSA Vice Press., 1939-1942. Rosenberg, James N.***. For materials see: Russian War Relief, Files 335-336 DORSA Archives, Files 1-4, 9, 11. EUREXCO. JDC Vice Chairman, 1923-1939.JDC Hon. Chairman, 1946-1970. Agro Joint Chairman, 1924-1942. ASJFS President, 1928-1948. DORSA Chairman, Board of Directors, 1941-1947; Honorary Chairman, 1947-1970. Rubenstein, Julia, JDC N.Y., 1933-1940

File 138: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, S

S (except J.J. Schwartz and D.J. Schweitzer). Seligman, Herbert J.Pub. Info. Department Director, 1935-1938.Sicher, Dudley D. JDC Board of Directors, 1934-1939. Siegel, Manuel. Also see: SM Archives, File 59.Overseas Staff, 1940-1947. Cuba Joint Religious Committee, 1940-1941. JDC Representative: Shanghai, 1941-1945. JDC Representative: Bulgaria, 1946-1947. Simon, Ben L.JDC N.Y., 1931-1938. Skorneck, Philip. JDC Executive Staff, 1944-1949.Slobodin, Roman. JDC Publ. Director, 1941.Sobel, Louis H.JDC Representative South America, 1943-1944. JDC Assistant-Secy, 1944-1946. JDC Secy, 1947.Speiser, Dorothy L.Executive Staff, 1921-1968. Assistant Comptroller, 1948-1950. Assistant Treasurer, 1951-1968.JDC Secretary 1966-1968.Sulzberger, David H.JDC Representative England, 1943

File 139: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Schwartz, Joseph J.

Schwartz, Joseph J. Overseas Staff, 1939-1950 . JDC Secy, 1940. EUREXCO: Vice Chairman, 1940-1941. EUREXCO: Chairm, 1942-1949.EUREXCO: Director General, 1950.JDC Vice Chairman, 1948-1974

File 140: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Schweitzer, David K.

Schweitzer, David K. Also see: Archives 1921-1932, File 52c Archives DORSA, Files 2-4 .Overseas Staff, 1920-1942. EUREXCO, Vice Chairman, 1926-1939. JDC Reconstruction Foundation, Vice Managing Director, 1928-1940. DORSA, Manager, 1941-1942

File 141: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, T

T (except M.C. Troper).Taraszansky, Solomon. JDC Poland, 1932-1939. Lithuania, 1939-1941. Teitelbaum, Aron. JDC Executive Committee, 1921-1932.JDC Board of Directors, 1931-1944. Trobe, Harold. JDC Executive Staff, 1944-1956, 1966-1977. JDC Lisbon, 1944-1945. Trobe, Jacob. Overseas Staff, 1944-1948. Trone, Solomon. Overseas Staff EUREXCO, DORSA, 1939-1940

File 142: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Troper, Morris C.

Troper, Morris C.EUREXCO Chairman, 1938-1942

File 143: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, V - W

V – W (except Felix M. Warburg).Vladeck, B. Charney*. Also see: Archives 1921-1932, Files 117d, 531,532. Executive Committee, 1920-1922, 1926-1938. Warburg, Edw. M.M.JDC Vice Chairman, 1938-1939. Co-Chairman, 1940.Chairman, 1941-1943, 1946-1965. Honorary Chairman, 1966-. Weisman, Nathan. JDC Staff Member, 1941-1944.Wiernik, Peter*. Also see: Archives 1921-1932, Files 120a, 124, 254.JDC Executive Committee, 1921-1935.JDC Board of Directors, 1931-1935. Wise, Jonah B. JDC Campaigns and subsequently UJA Campaigns, National Chairman, 1931-1950. JDC Vice Chairman, 1937-1959. JDC Executive Committee, 1931-1959

File 144: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Warburg, Felix M., General

Warburg, Felix M. JDC Chairman, 1914-1932. Honorary Chairman, 1932-1937.ASJFS, Honorary President and Subscriber

File 145: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Warburg, Felix M.

Letter by Paul Baerwald telling of Warburg’s death, and the responses to it. Warburg, Felix M.JDC Chairman, 1914-1932. Honorary Chairman, 1932-1937. ASJFS, Honorary President and Subscriber

File 146: Administration, Personnel, Individual Files, Warburg, Felix M.

Other condolence letters and telegrams. Warburg, Felix M.JDC Chairman, 1914-1932. Honorary Chairman, 1932-1937. ASJFS, Honorary President and Subscriber

File 147: Administration, Personnel, Obituaries and tributes

Series 6: Administration, Publicity

File 148: Administration, Publicity, General, 1935 - 1940

Correspondence: F.R. Adlerstein, B. Flexner, J.C. Hyman, J.B. Lightman, D.J. Schweitzer. Correspondence, memos, publicity releases, addenda and activities of the JDC Publicity Department. Also included are a number of complaints vs. the JDC which either originated in the press or spilled over into it, and the correspondence linked to them. Major complaint bearers included: Abe Sampson of Houston, Texas, see below: 2/18/36-7/7/39; Joseph H. Biben, 6/13/41-9/24/41; and L. Schupakevitch, Poland, Publicity, File 811, 10/17/41 – 12/16/41. That file also contains other complaints vs. the JDC in the Yiddish press in Poland. For additional publicity materials, see: Emigration, File 385;Poland, File 810; DORSA Archives, Files 40-41; JDC Reports, Files 154-159.

File 149: Administration, Publicity, General, 1941 - 1944

Correspondence: A. d’Esaguy, J.C. Hyman, M.A. Leavitt, J.J. Schwartz, R. Slobodin, M.C. Troper. Correspondence, memos, publicity releases, addenda and activities of the JDC Publicity Department. Also included are a number of complaints vs. the JDC which either originated in the press or spilled over into it, and the correspondence linked to them. Major complaint bearers included: Abe Sampson of Houston, Texas, see below: 2/18/36-7/7/39; Joseph H. Biben, 6/13/41-9/24/41; and L. Schupakevitch, Poland, Publicity, File 811, 10/17/41 – 12/16/41. That file also contains other complaints vs. the JDC in the Yiddish press in Poland. For additional publicity materials, see: Emigration, File 385;Poland, File 810; DORSA Archives, Files 40-41; JDC Reports, Files 154-159.

File 150: Administration, Publicity, Publications, Fortnightly Digest, Paris, #1-31, 1937 October 25 - 1939 January 15

Includes correspondence.

File 151: Administration, Publicity, Publications, Newsletter and Bulletin, 1939 - 1940

a. Confidential Newsletter, 1939 January – May. b. Bulletin, Present Activities of the JDC, #1-10, 1939 – 1940. Includes correspondence.

File 152: Administration, Publicity, Publications, JDC Digest (bi-monthly), 1942 - 1945

Noit und Hilf, Yiddish translations of some issues. Includes correspondence.

File 153: Administration, Publicity, Publications, Miscellaneous

a. Loose-Leaf Memos, #1-38, 1942 February 6 – 1942 November 1. b. Today’s Facts and Figures, unnumbered, 1942-1944. c. Joint Disco Cable News, unnumbered, 1940 June – November. d. JDC Weekly Review, #1-16, 1944 August – December. e. Notes and News, 1944 June 25 – 1945 January 22

Series 7: Administration, Reports

Reports prepared by the JDC or those submitted to it were either general in character with a bearing on more than one activity and more than one country, or had a specific focus bearing upon a single country or a single activity. The general reports are listed below, while the specific reports will be found under the appropriate country or activity. The general reports in turn are divided into JDC Annual Reports and Other Reports. In the latter category, one-time reports are separated from serial narrative reports issued by the JDC at weekly or monthly intervals. The more informative one-time reports are listed in the catalogue, but in addition, briefer interim reports spanning some 30-60 days of JDC activity are also included. Mostly, the interim reports took the form of letters of some length written in response to the queries of correspondents, and they may provide a wealth of background data. For additional interim reports, see: Executive Committee, Files 13-24 Publicity, Files 150-153

File 154: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1933 - 1934

Reports: The Year 1933 and Early Months of 1934 The Year 1934

File 155: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1935

Reports:The 1935 Annual Report is in two copies. The second copy is divided into four separate parts:- Aid to Jews in Germany. Aid to Jews in Eastern Europe (plus a Yiddish translation). Aid to Refugees from Germany. Organizations Affiliated with the JDC

File 156: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1936 - 1939

Reports: Annual Reports, 1936 – 1939, “Aid to Jews Overseas,” Plus a Portuguese translation of the 1939 report. For additional materials, see: EUREXCO Reports, Files 188-191

File 157: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1940

Annual Report for 1940 and the first 5 months of 1941, “Aiding Jews Overseas.” Plus Spanish and Portuguese translations.

File 158: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1941 - 1942

Aiding Jews Overseas, Annual Report: 1941 and the first 5 months of 1942; The year 1942. Plus Spanish and Portuguese translations of the two reports and a Yiddish translation of the 1942 report.

File 159: Administration, Reports, Annual, 1943 - 1944

Reports: 1943, The Rescue of Stricken Jews in a World at War, plus a Yiddish translation; 1944, Thirty Years, the Story of the JDC.

File 160: Administration, Reports, Other, 1933 - 1934

Summary report of the European trip on behalf of the JDC 10/24/34 – 12/13/34, by M.C. Troper, undated. Activities of the AJDC with special attention to the last five months, 4/16/34 attachment to 4/17/34.

File 161: Administration, Reports, Other, 1935

Reports: B. Kahn: 1/3/35 – 1/7/35; Monthly Bulletins, #1 and #2 January and February 1935, 3/6/35; #3 and #4 March and April 1935, 6/11/35; Notes on JDC Activities in the Eastern Countries, 11/20/35. J.C. Hyman: A Year of JDC Service, 4/29/35. Statistical section of JDC Annual Report, 4/13/35.

File 162: Administration, Reports, Other, 1936

Reports by B. Kahn: Report and Bulletin #1 January 1936, 2/25/36, #2 April 1936, 4/29/36 and summary, 5/31/36. Memos: The Work and Organization of the JDC especially as it refers to the German situation, 1/15/36; Programs of Overseas Aid, 4/20/36. Chronological Order of Events During Trip Abroad 6/4/36 – 6/22/36, by D.M. Bressler.

File 163: Administration, Reports, Other, 1937 - 1938

Verbatim minutes of a report presented by F.M. Warburg of his trip abroad, 4/29/37. Report on the JDC by the CJFWF, 3/8/37. Review of JDC Activities by B. Kahn, 1/10/38, 9/18/38. Brief interim reports of JDC Activities, 7/5/38, 12/29/38. Situation report on European countries, M.C. Troper, 12/27/38.

File 164: Administration, Reports, Other, 1939

Status reports of JDC activities and needs in JDC countries: J.C. Hyman, 3/17/39, 5/19/39, 5/25/39 (for April 1939), 8/10/39 (for June 1939), 9/27/39, 10/23/39; Other: 6/15/39, 10/24/39. Outline and notes for Mr. Baerwald, 5/29/39. JDC appropriations and expenditures 1938/39. 10/28/39. General situation reports on condition of Jews in selected European countries, 3/20/39, 3/30/39 attached to 4/26/39. 25 Years of American Aid to Jews Overseas, a record of the JDC, J.C. Hyman, 1939.

File 165: Administration, Reports, Other, 1940 January - June

Reports: B. Kahn, Possibilities for the Selection of Persons for Overseas Settlements., 1/8/40, F.R. Adlerstein, 2/5/40, M.C. Troper, March 1940, 4/30/40 attachment to 5/1/40. Submitted to JDC by M.C. Troper but writers unknown 3/14/40 (2). Table of persons assisted daily by the JDC, by countries and by functions 3/14/40.

File 166: Administration, Reports, Other, 1940 July - December

Reports: M.C. Troper, to Executive Committee 7/8/40; to Baerwald 8/30/40; to Board of Directors 9/29/40, and report September 1940. J.C. Hyman, A Calendar of Jewish Disaster 1933 – 1940, 11/27/40. M.A. Leavitt to Executive Committee, 8/30/40. Summary of Important Recent Communications Regarding Overseas Developments, 8/21/40.

File 167: Administration, Reports, Other, AJDC Handbook, Statistics and Information, Paris, 1940

The handbook contains demographic and economic data on Jewish communities the world over (the USSR excepted), on Jewish refugee populations and on JDC allocations for refugee aid. A slimmed down duplicate copy contains many handwritten corrections of the JDC allocations for refugee aid.

File 168: Administration, Reports, Other, 1941

Activities of the JDC January-May 1941, 5/14/41 attached to 5/22/41. Assistance to Overseas Communities, 5/17/41. Reports to the Executive Committee by M.A. Leavitt, 8/21/41 attachment to 8/22/41 and 10/22/41 attachment to 10/27/41. Status of JDC Activities: 8/26/41 attachment to 8/29/41, 9/1/41, 10/10/41, 11/12/41, 12/1/41, 12/8/41. Table: JDC Activities during 1941, Number of Persons Assisted and Kind of Assistance Given, by countries, 5/28/42. J.C. Hyman summaries (on large index cards) of Status of JDC Activities 1941, in various countries.

File 169: Administration, Reports, Other, 1942 - 1944; 1945

Memo on JDC Program in 1942, by J.C. Hyman, 1/7/42. JDC Operations Today, J.C. Hyman, 7/1/42, 9/18/42. Analysis of JDC Work as Affected by Changing World Developments, F.R. Adlerblum, 12/11/42. JDC Activities in 1942, undated. Status of JDC Activities and Problems, Hyman to Warburg, 4/6/44, 5/10/44. Reports by M.A. Leavitt, 9/15/44, 12/10/44, 12/20/44. Report: JDC in 1944, 12/9-10/44.

File 170: Administration, Reports, Other, Serial, 1937 - 1941

1. Current Reports and Information Received at JDC Office (For officers and members of Executive Committee), #1-6, July-November, 1937.2. JDC Matters of Interest (Baerwald Reports to the JDC Vice-Chairman), January-April, 1938.3. Summary of Important Meetings and Developments as Reported by JDC Officers and Staff Members, #1-6, April-June, 1941.4. Summary of Important Recent Communications Regarding Overseas Developments for JDC Officers and Members of Administration Committee, #1-35, 5/27/40 – 12/5/41.

File 171: Administration, Reports, Other, Serial, 1939 - 1941

1. Summary of Cables, 1939 – 1940.2. Analysis of Important Cables, 1941

Record Group 1.2: JDC Overseas Administration, European Executive Council (EUREXCO)

This record group describes the activities of the European Executive Council (EUREXCO), JDC’s overseas administrative body. EUREXCO headquarters moved from Berlin to Paris in 1933 following Hitler’s rise to power; when the Nazis advanced on Paris in June 1940, the European office moved briefly to Bordeaux and then to Lisbon.

Included are summaries of telephone conversations primarily between New York and Lisbon, with much discussion of emigration and refugee matters. Also detailed is the “clearance arrangement” devised by JDC to finance its operations without sending dollars into Nazi-occupied countries.

Series 1: Administration, EUREXCO, General

Correspondence, memos, reports, addenda.

File 172: Administration, EUREXCO, General, 1933 - 1940 February

(Records for 1935 are missing).Reports and Memos: EUREXCO Report and Bulletin #2, 4/29/36. EUREXCO Report by M.C. Troper, 4/19/39. Memo on Location and Nature of JDC Activities in Europe, 9/8/39.Minutes of Meetings: Informal Meetings on Program and Organization of JDC Abroad, 2/8/38; JDC Executive Committee, 4/20/38, 8/18/38. Letters on EUREXCO by M.C. Troper, 1/10/39 (2), 1/26/39, 2/17/39, 8/24/39. In September 1939, Moses W. Beckelman and Isaac Giterman, as JDC representatives, sailed on a neutral vessel from Memel to Lithuania but it was intercepted in the Baltic by a Nazi submarine. Beckelman and Giterman were removed. Beckelman as a U.S. citizen was subsequently released, while Giterman as a Polish national was interned, 9/12/39 – 12/20/39. Correspondence: C. Adler, P. Baerwald, N.W. Emerson, J.C. Hyman, B. Kahn, E.M. Morrissey, J.J. Schwartz, D.J. Schweitzer, M.C. Troper.

File 173: Administration, EUREXCO, General, 1940 March - 1944

Situation Report on European Jewry by M.C. Troper, 8/30/40. For a running review of the telephone conversations between M.C. Troper and J.J. Schwartz in Europe and the JDC NY, see below: File 175; for related materials on telephone conversations between SM Switzerland and JDC Lisbon, see: SM Archives, Files 7-10.Correspondence: P. Baerwald, M.A. Leavitt, C.M. Levy, M.C. Troper, J.J. Schwartz.

File 174: Administration, EUREXCO, Minutes of Council Meetings, 1938 - 1939

1938: 4/25/38, 5/3/38, 5/11/38, 6/5/38, 8/12/38, 12/26/38.1939: 1/9/39, 1/18/39, 2/1/39, 2/23/39, 3/5/39, 3/9/39, 3/19/39, 3/22/39, 4/2/39, 4/13/39, 4/22/39, 5/11/39, 5/25/39, 6/25/39, 7/29/39, 9/3/39, 9/10/39.

File 175: Administration, EUREXCO, Telephone Conversations NY-Overseas, 1939 - 1942

The conversations involved M.A. Leavitt, J.J. Schwartz and M.C. Troper in the main, and the great majority were conducted between NY-Lisbon following the fall of France in June 1940. The subjects discussed ran the gamut, but emigration and refugee problems were notably prominent. For related materials, see: SM Archives, Files 7-10 Switzerland, Files 927-930.

File 176: Administration, EUREXCO, European Leaders Concerned with Refugee Activities

Thumbnail accounts of key Jewish leaders and communal personalities in Europe, by J.C. Hyman 1938; by B. Kahn, 1/8/40.

Series 2: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial

File 177: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, General, 1941 - 1943

The materials deal with 3 items: 1) Inspection by the occupation authorities in 1941 of the JDC safe deposit box and strong room at a Paris bank, 12/31/40 – 6/23/41, 2) steps taken by the JDC in 1941 to gain the release of $20,000 in cash forwarded to it from Lisbon by mail, and seized by the British authorities at Bermuda, 9/25/41, 1/31/42, 3) EUREXCO bank signatures 1942 – 1943, 11/27/42 – 12/20/43.

File 178: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Budgetary Requirements of EUREXCO Countries

Narrative accounts of needs and estimates of financial requirements country by country for the years 1939 and 1940.

File 179: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Annual Reports, 1933 - 1936
File 180: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Annual Reports, 1937 - 1939
File 181: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Report: German Emergency Relief in Europe, 1933 - 1939

1933 – 1934 June. Monthly reports April-November 1939

File 182: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Audit Reports, 1938, 1941

Audit Reports of EUREXCO Paris, 1938, 1941

File 183: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Clearances and Payments, General, 1939 - 1940

JDC Clearance Arrangements in Europe: 2/27/39, 2/14/40, 5/31/40, 9/10/40, 10/30/40 (2).Correspondence: J.C. Hyman, L. Istorik, B. Kahn, M.A. Leavitt, H.F. Linder, E.M. Morrissey, I. Rosen, S.S. Schwartz, D.W. Senator, M.C. Troper. The JDC devised a financial clearance arrangement to aid Nazi victims stemming from Greater Germany, but without conferring any benefit on the German economy. In the earlier Nazi years, the JDC appropriations in the main went for the support of Jewish children and teenagers whom their parents in Germany had sent abroad for schooling. The parents deposited reichsmarks with the Reichsverband der Juden in Deutschland, Berlin, at an agreed exchange rate, while the JDC paid out the monetary equivalent abroad in foreign exchange. In turn, the reichsmark deposits aided in financing JDC welfare and relief programs in Germany. Between 1939 – 1941, the emphasis shifted and the JDC appropriations helped largely to defray the transportation costs of Jewish emigrants from Germany.Variations on these arrangements were worked out in several Nazi occupied and satellite countries, and remained in effect up to December 1941, when the U.S. entered the war. For details on the working of these arrangements, see below: Files 183, 10/30/40 (2), and 184. For student clearances, see: Files 185-186 below.Note: After Pearl Harbor, the JDC continued to support those students abroad whom it had aided previously and who were now financially cut off from their parents in Germany.

File 184: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Clearances and Payments, General, 1941 - 1944

The JDC financial clearance arrangement and how it worked, 1/23/41, February 1941, 6/5/41 Hyman to Berlin, 6/18/41, 9/25/41 and attachments. Emigration clearance arrangements for: Poland, 7/11/41 Hyman to Greenstein; Romania, Italy and Unoccupied France, 7/24/41 Leavitt to Timmons. British Gov’t inquiry on press reports that the JDC planned to send relief supplies to Nazi occupied France, 6/5/41, 11/3/41, 11/6/41 – 11/26/41. Status of borrowing operations in occupied countries, 10/9/44. Table listing $7,157,097 owed by the JDC for wartime relief disbursed via clearance arrangements and for funds raised locally to meet local expenditures, 12/31/44. Correspondence: Isaiah Berlin, A.C. Calvert, J.C. Hyman, M.A. Leavitt, J. Lowenherz, J.J. Schwartz, M.C. Troper, E.M.M. Warburg. The JDC devised a financial clearance arrangement to aid Nazi victims stemming from Greater Germany, but without conferring any benefit on the German economy. In the earlier Nazi years, the JDC appropriations in the main went for the support of Jewish children and teenagers whom their parents in Germany had sent abroad for schooling. The parents deposited reichsmarks with the Reichsverband der Juden in Deutschland, Berlin, at an agreed exchange rate, while the JDC paid out the monetary equivalent abroad in foreign exchange. In turn, the reichsmark deposits aided in financing JDC welfare and relief programs in Germany. Between 1939 – 1941, the emphasis shifted and the JDC appropriations helped largely to defray the transportation costs of Jewish emigrants from Germany. Variations on these arrangements were worked out in several Nazi occupied and satellite countries, and remained in effect up to December 1941, when the U.S. entered the war. For details on the working of these arrangements, see below: Files 183, 10/30/40 (2), and 184. For student clearances, see: Files 185-186 below. Note: After Pearl Harbor, the JDC continued to support those students abroad whom it had aided previously and who were now financially cut off from their parents in Germany.

File 185: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Student Clearances and Payments, 1940

1. Correspondence. 2. Payment-request lists by the Reichsvertretung, #41-73 April-September 1940 (several lists missing). 3. Payment directives by the JDC. The JDC devised a financial clearance arrangement to aid Nazi victims stemming from Greater Germany, but without conferring any benefit on the German economy. In the earlier Nazi years, the JDC appropriations in the main went for the support of Jewish children and teenagers whom their parents in Germany had sent abroad for schooling. The parents deposited reichsmarks with the Reichsverband der Juden in Deutschland, Berlin, at an agreed exchange rate, while the JDC paid out the monetary equivalent abroad in foreign exchange. In turn, the reichsmark deposits aided in financing JDC welfare and relief programs in Germany. Between 1939 – 1941, the emphasis shifted and the JDC appropriations helped largely to defray the transportation costs of Jewish emigrants from Germany.Variations on these arrangements were worked out in several Nazi occupied and satellite countries, and remained in effect up to December 1941, when the U.S. entered the war. For details on the working of these arrangements, see below: Files 183, 10/30/40 (2), and 184. For student clearances, see: Files 185-186 below. Note: After Pearl Harbor, the JDC continued to support those students abroad whom it had aided previously and who were now financially cut off from their parents in Germany.

File 186: Administration, EUREXCO, Financial, Student Clearances and Payments, 1941 - 1944

1. Lists of students supported in various countries. 2. Individual cases, A-W, 1941 – 1944; 1946. The JDC devised a financial clearance arrangement to aid Nazi victims stemming from Greater Germany, but without conferring any benefit on the German economy. In the earlier Nazi years, the JDC appropriations in the main went for the support of Jewish children and teenagers whom their parents in Germany had sent abroad for schooling. The parents deposited reichsmarks with the Reichsverband der Juden in Deutschland, Berlin, at an agreed exchange rate, while the JDC paid out the monetary equivalent abroad in foreign exchange. In turn, the reichsmark deposits aided in financing JDC welfare and relief programs in Germany. Between 1939 – 1941, the emphasis shifted and the JDC appropriations helped largely to defray the transportation costs of Jewish emigrants from Germany. Variations on these arrangements were worked out in several Nazi occupied and satellite countries, and remained in effect up to December 1941, when the U.S. entered the war. For details on the working of these arrangements, see below: Files 183, 10/30/40 (2), and 184. For student clearances, see: Files 185-186 below. Note: After Pearl Harbor, the JDC continued to support those students abroad whom it had aided previously and who were now financially cut off from their parents in Germany.

Series 3: Administration, EUREXCO, Personnel

File 187: Administration, EUREXCO, Personnel, Local, 1937; 1939 - 1944

For JDC employees at EUREXCO, see above: Files 172-173.

Series 4: Administration, EUREXCO, Narrative Reports

File 188: Administration, EUREXCO, Narrative Reports, 1938

1. January-March 1938 (Quarterly). 2. June 1938 Situation of the Jews in Eastern Europe (Poland, Hungary, Romania)

File 189: Administration, EUREXCO, Narrative Reports, 1939 January and February
File 190: Administration, EUREXCO, Narrative Reports, 1939 March and April
File 191: Administration, EUREXCO, Narrative Reports, 1939 May and June

Digitization of this collection was made possible with funding from the Polonsky Foundation.

Archives of The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc.

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